spārns
Latvian
Etymology
From Proto-Baltic *sparnas (with lengthening of the *a), from Proto-Indo-European *sper-no- (“wing”), from the stem *per-, *sper- (with s-mobile; or else the /s/ may result from the influence of the stem *sper- (“to twitch, to flicker”)), perhaps meaning originally “over (away from)”, then “carry (away)”, “fly (away)”. Cognates include Lithuanian spar̃nas, Old Church Slavonic перо (pero, “feather”), Russian перо́ (peró), Ukrainian перо́ (peró), Bulgarian перо́ (peró), Upper Sorbian pjero, German Farn, English fern, Hittite [script needed] (partau̯ar, “feather”), Sanskrit पर्ण (parṇá, “feather; leaf”).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [spàːɾns]
Noun
spārns m (1st declension)
- (anatomy, of birds, insects, bats) wing (one of a pair of flight organs)
- putna, tauriņa, sienāža spārns ― a bird's, butterfly's, grasshopper's wing
- izplest spārnus ― to open, spread one's wings
- sakļaust spārnus ― to close one's wings
- spārnu vēzieni ― wingbeats
- wing (plate-like appendage in a large machine that interacts with the environment (e.g., air, water))
- lidmašīnas spārns ― airplane wing
- kuģa dzenskrūves spārni ― ship propeller wings
- plaque-like elongated element or part in a machine
- velosidpēda dakšas spārni ― bicycle fork prongs (lit. wings)
- wing (lateral part or extension of a building)
- no vienas ēkas spārna uz otru ― from one wing of the building to the other
- labajā spārnā atrodas bibliotēka ― the library is situated in the right wing
- (military) flank
- pulkvedis ar savu adjutantu piejāja līdz pozīcijas labajam spārnam ― the colonel and his aide rode up to (their) position's right flank
- wing (a group of people, within a larger group)
- filozofijas skolas radikālais spārns ― the radical wing of the philosophical school
Declension
Declension of spārns (1st declension)
singular (vienskaitlis) | plural (daudzskaitlis) | |
---|---|---|
nominative (nominatīvs) | spārns | spārni |
accusative (akuzatīvs) | spārnu | spārnus |
genitive (ģenitīvs) | spārna | spārnu |
dative (datīvs) | spārnam | spārniem |
instrumental (instrumentālis) | spārnu | spārniem |
locative (lokatīvs) | spārnā | spārnos |
vocative (vokatīvs) | spārn | spārni |
Related terms
References
- Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “spārns”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
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