sortua
Finnish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈsortuɑˣ/, [ˈs̠o̞rt̪uɑ̝(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -ortuɑ
- Syllabification(key): sor‧tu‧a
Verb
sortua
Conjugation
| Inflection of sortua (Kotus type 52*K/sanoa, rt-rr gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | sorrun | en sorru | 1st sing. | olen sortunut | en ole sortunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | sorrut | et sorru | 2nd sing. | olet sortunut | et ole sortunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | sortuu | ei sorru | 3rd sing. | on sortunut | ei ole sortunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | sorrumme | emme sorru | 1st plur. | olemme sortuneet | emme ole sortuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | sorrutte | ette sorru | 2nd plur. | olette sortuneet | ette ole sortuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | sortuvat | eivät sorru | 3rd plur. | ovat sortuneet | eivät ole sortuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | sorrutaan | ei sorruta | passive | on sorruttu | ei ole sorruttu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | sorruin | en sortunut | 1st sing. | olin sortunut | en ollut sortunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | sorruit | et sortunut | 2nd sing. | olit sortunut | et ollut sortunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | sortui | ei sortunut | 3rd sing. | oli sortunut | ei ollut sortunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | sorruimme | emme sortuneet | 1st plur. | olimme sortuneet | emme olleet sortuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | sorruitte | ette sortuneet | 2nd plur. | olitte sortuneet | ette olleet sortuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | sortuivat | eivät sortuneet | 3rd plur. | olivat sortuneet | eivät olleet sortuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | sorruttiin | ei sorruttu | passive | oli sorruttu | ei ollut sorruttu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | sortuisin | en sortuisi | 1st sing. | olisin sortunut | en olisi sortunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | sortuisit | et sortuisi | 2nd sing. | olisit sortunut | et olisi sortunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | sortuisi | ei sortuisi | 3rd sing. | olisi sortunut | ei olisi sortunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | sortuisimme | emme sortuisi | 1st plur. | olisimme sortuneet | emme olisi sortuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | sortuisitte | ette sortuisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte sortuneet | ette olisi sortuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | sortuisivat | eivät sortuisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat sortuneet | eivät olisi sortuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | sorruttaisiin | ei sorruttaisi | passive | olisi sorruttu | ei olisi sorruttu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | sorru | älä sorru | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | sortukoon | älköön sortuko | 3rd sing. | olkoon sortunut | älköön olko sortunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | sortukaamme | älkäämme sortuko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | sortukaa | älkää sortuko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | sortukoot | älkööt sortuko | 3rd plur. | olkoot sortuneet | älkööt olko sortuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | sorruttakoon | älköön sorruttako | passive | olkoon sorruttu | älköön olko sorruttu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | sortunen | en sortune | 1st sing. | lienen sortunut | en liene sortunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | sortunet | et sortune | 2nd sing. | lienet sortunut | et liene sortunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | sortunee | ei sortune | 3rd sing. | lienee sortunut | ei liene sortunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | sortunemme | emme sortune | 1st plur. | lienemme sortuneet | emme liene sortuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | sortunette | ette sortune | 2nd plur. | lienette sortuneet | ette liene sortuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | sortunevat | eivät sortune | 3rd plur. | lienevät sortuneet | eivät liene sortuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | sorruttaneen | ei sorruttane | passive | lienee sorruttu | ei liene sorruttu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | sortua | present | sortuva | sorruttava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | sortunut | sorruttu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | sortuessa | sorruttaessa | agent3 | sortuma | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | sortumaton | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | sortuen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | sortumassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | sortumasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | sortumaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | sortumalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | sortumatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | sortuman | sorruttaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th4 | verbal noun | sortuminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Derived terms
Further reading
- “sortua”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
Ingrian
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈsortuɑ/, [ˈs̠o̞rto̞]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈsortuɑ/, [ˈʃo̞rtuɑ]
- Rhymes: -ortoː, -ortuɑ
- Hyphenation: sor‧tu‧a
Verb
sortua
- (intransitive) to fall (in battle)
- 1916, Volmari Porkka, quoting Natelia, “1387. Soikkola, Mäkkylä, III256”, in Väinö Salminen, V. Alava, editor, Suomen Kansan Vanhat Runot. Länsi-Inkerin runot, volume III2, Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura, lines 89-90:
- Ku siä sortunet sottaa, // Sotasoitun soittajaksi,
- As you might fall in battle in the war, As the player of the war-horn,
Conjugation
| Conjugation of sortua (type 1/ampua, rt-rr gradation) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indikativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | sorrun | en sorru | 1st singular | oon sortunt, oon sortunut | en oo sortunt, en oo sortunut |
| 2nd singular | sorrut | et sorru | 2nd singular | oot sortunt, oot sortunut | et oo sortunt, et oo sortunut |
| 3rd singular | sortuu | ei sorru | 3rd singular | ono sortunt, ono sortunut | ei oo sortunt, ei oo sortunut |
| 1st plural | sorrumma | emmä sorru | 1st plural | oomma sortuneet | emmä oo sortuneet |
| 2nd plural | sorrutta | että sorru | 2nd plural | ootta sortuneet | että oo sortuneet |
| 3rd plural | sortuut1), sortuvat2), sorrutaa | evät sorru, ei sorruta | 3rd plural | ovat sortuneet | evät oo sortuneet, ei oo sorruttu |
| impersonal | sorrutaa | ei sorruta | impersonal | ono sorruttu | ei oo sorruttu |
| Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | sorruin | en sortunt, en sortunut | 1st singular | olin sortunt, olin sortunut | en olt sortunt, en olt sortunut |
| 2nd singular | sorruit | et sortunt, et sortunut | 2nd singular | olit sortunt, olit sortunut | et olt sortunt, et olt sortunut |
| 3rd singular | sortui | ei sortunt, ei sortunut | 3rd singular | oli sortunt, oli sortunut | ei olt sortunt, ei olt sortunut |
| 1st plural | sorruimma | emmä sortuneet | 1st plural | olimma sortuneet | emmä olleet sortuneet |
| 2nd plural | sorruitta | että sortuneet | 2nd plural | olitta sortuneet | että olleet sortuneet |
| 3rd plural | sortuit1), sortuivat2), sorruttii | evät sortuneet, ei sorruttu | 3rd plural | olivat sortuneet | evät olleet sortuneet, ei olt sorruttu |
| impersonal | sorruttii | ei sorruttu | impersonal | oli sorruttu | ei olt sorruttu |
| Konditsionala | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | sortuisin | en sortuis | 1st singular | olisin sortunt, olisin sortunut | en olis sortunt, en olis sortunut |
| 2nd singular | sortuisit, sortuist1) | et sortuis | 2nd singular | olisit sortunt, olisit sortunut | et olis sortunt, et olis sortunut |
| 3rd singular | sortuis | ei sortuis | 3rd singular | olis sortunt, olis sortunut | ei olis sortunt, ei olis sortunut |
| 1st plural | sortuisimma | emmä sortuis | 1st plural | olisimma sortuneet | emmä olis sortuneet |
| 2nd plural | sortuisitta | että sortuis | 2nd plural | olisitta sortuneet | että olis sortuneet |
| 3rd plural | sortuisiit1), sortuisivat2), sorruttais | evät sortuis, ei sorruttais | 3rd plural | olisivat sortuneet | evät olis sortuneet, ei olis sorruttu |
| impersonal | sorruttais | ei sorruttais | impersonal | olis sorruttu | ei olis sorruttu |
| Imperativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
| 2nd singular | sorru | elä sorru | 2nd singular | oo sortunt, oo sortunut | elä oo sortunt, elä oo sortunut |
| 3rd singular | sortukoo | elköö sortuko | 3rd singular | olkoo sortunt, olkoo sortunut | elköö olko sortunt, elköö olko sortunut |
| 1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
| 2nd plural | sortukaa | elkää sortuko | 2nd plural | olkaa sortuneet | elkää olko sortuneet |
| 3rd plural | sortukoot | elkööt sortuko, elköö sorruttako | 3rd plural | olkoot sortuneet | elkööt olko sortuneet, elköö olko sorruttu |
| impersonal | sorruttakkoo | elköö sorruttako | impersonal | olkoo sorruttu | elköö olko sorruttu |
| Potentsiala | |||||
| Preesens | |||||
| positive | negative | ||||
| 1st singular | sortunen | en sortune | |||
| 2nd singular | sortunet | et sortune | |||
| 3rd singular | sortunoo | ei sortune | |||
| 1st plural | sortunemma | emmä sortune | |||
| 2nd plural | sortunetta | että sortune | |||
| 3rd plural | sortunoot | evät sortune, ei sorruttane | |||
| impersonal | sorruttannoo | ei sorruttane | |||
| Nominal forms | |||||
| Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
| active | passive | ||||
| 1st | sortua | present | sortuva | sorruttava | |
| 2nd | inessive | sortujees | past | sortunt, sortunut | sorruttu |
| instructive | sortuen | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (sortukaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
| 3rd | illative | sortumaa | |||
| inessive | sortumaas | ||||
| elative | sortumast | ||||
| abessive | sortumata | ||||
| 4th | nominative | sortumiin | |||
| partitive | sortumista, sortumist | ||||
Synonyms
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