rynek

Czech

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech rynek, from Middle High German rinc (town square), originally ring,[1] from Old High German ring. Doublet of ring (boxing ring).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈrɪnɛk]
  • Rhymes: -ɪnɛk
  • Hyphenation: ry‧nek

Noun

rynek m inan

  1. (dated) square, an open space in a town [from 14th c.]
    Synonym: náměstí
    • 1877, Jakub Malý, “Kopidlno”, in Vlastenský slovník historický, Praha: Rohlíček & Sievers, pages 371–372:
      Roku 1506 v sobotu po sv. Václavě sťat jest na rynku Starého města Pražského mladý 24letý zeman Jan Kopidlanský, jenžto zabil jiného zemana Cukra z Tamfeldu.
      In 1506, on Saturday after the Saint Wenceslas day, young yeoman Jan Kopidlanský, who had killed another yeoman Cukr of Tamfeld, was executed on the square of the Old Town of Prague.

Declension

Derived terms

References

  1. Rejzek, Jiří (2015) “ryn(e)k”, in Český etymologický slovník [Czech Etymological Dictionary] (in Czech), 3rd (revised and expanded) edition, Praha: LEDA, →ISBN, page 608

Further reading

  • rynek in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu
  • rynek in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
  • rynek in Internetová jazyková příručka

Old Czech

Alternative forms

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle High German rinc (town square), originally ring,[1] from Old High German ring.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): (13th CE) /ˈrɨnɛk/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /ˈrinɛk/

Noun

rynek m inan

  1. market, square (open area in the center of a town housing a public market)
  2. The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:
    1. wide city street; avenue, especially circular
  3. atrium (interior of the house, especially without a roof)

Declension

Descendants

  • Czech: rynek

References

  1. Rejzek, Jiří (2015) “ryn(e)k”, in Český etymologický slovník [Czech Etymological Dictionary] (in Czech), 3rd (revised and expanded) edition, Praha: LEDA, →ISBN, page 608

Old Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle High German rinc, from Old High German ring. First attested in 1400.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /rɨnɛk/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /rɨnɛk/

Noun

rynek m ? (related adjective rynkowy)

  1. market, square (open area in the center of a town housing a public market)
    • 1888 [1400], Romuald Hube, editor, Zbiór rot przysiąg sądowych poznańskich, kościańskich, kaliskich, sieradzkich, piotrkowskich i dobrzyszyckich z końca wieku XIV i pierwszych lat wieku XV, Greater Poland, page 79:
      Cso Potrasz Potraszowi dal rani, to mu ye dal, eze gi potkaw na rinku y dal mu naprzod rani
      [Czso Piotrasz Piotraszowi dał rany, to mu je dał, eże ji potkaw na rynku i dał mu naprzód rany]
  2. corruption
    • 1930 [c. 1455], “Gen”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 10, 12:
      Vdzala... Chale y *rinek* myedzi Nynywen a Chale (aedificavit... Chale, Resen quoque inter Niniven et Chale)
      [Udziała... Chale i *Rynek* miedzy Niniwen a Chale (aedificavit... Chale, Resen quoque inter Niniven et Chale)]

Descendants

References

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish rynek. Doublet of ranga and ring.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈrɨ.nɛk/
  • (file)
  • Rhymes: -ɨnɛk
  • Syllabification: ry‧nek

Noun

rynek m inan (diminutive ryneczek, related adjective rynkowy)

  1. market, marketplace (city square or other fairly spacious site where traders set up stalls and buyers browse the merchandise)
  2. (colloquial) marketplace (open area hosting a public market)
    Synonym: targowisko
  3. (economics, trading) market (formally organized system of trading in specified goods or effects)
  4. (economics, trading, colloquial) market (group of people dealing in trade)
  5. (obsolete) area (place designated for particular activities)

Declension

Derived terms

nouns

Descendants

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), rynek is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 11 times in scientific texts, 16 times in news, 33 times in essays, 4 times in fiction, and 2 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 66 times, making it the 996th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

References

  1. Ida Kurcz (1990) “rynek”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 2, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 512

Further reading

  • rynek in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • rynek in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “rynek”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
  • RYNEK”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 03.03.2009
  • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “rynek”, in Słownik języka polskiego
  • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “rynek”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
  • J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1912), “rynek”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 5, Warsaw, page 794
  • Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “rynek 2”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)

Silesian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish rynek.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈrɨnɛk/
  • Rhymes: -ɨnɛk
  • Syllabification: ry‧nek

Noun

rynek m inan (diminutive ryneczek)

  1. (trading) market, marketplace (open area in a town housing a public market)
  2. (trading) market (formally organized system of trading in specified goods or effects)

Declension

Further reading

  • rynek in silling.org
  • Henryk Jaroszewicz (2022) “rynek”, in Zasady pisowni języka śląskiego (in Polish), Siedlce: Wydawnictwo Naukowe IKR[i]BL, page 130
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.