ravager
French
Etymology
From noun use of earlier ravage (“act of laying waste”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʁa.va.ʒe/
Audio (file)
Conjugation
This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written ravage- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling-change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.
Conjugation of ravager (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | ravager | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | ravageant /ʁa.va.ʒɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | ravagé /ʁa.va.ʒe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | ravage /ʁa.vaʒ/ |
ravages /ʁa.vaʒ/ |
ravage /ʁa.vaʒ/ |
ravageons /ʁa.va.ʒɔ̃/ |
ravagez /ʁa.va.ʒe/ |
ravagent /ʁa.vaʒ/ |
| imperfect | ravageais /ʁa.va.ʒɛ/ |
ravageais /ʁa.va.ʒɛ/ |
ravageait /ʁa.va.ʒɛ/ |
ravagions /ʁa.va.ʒjɔ̃/ |
ravagiez /ʁa.va.ʒje/ |
ravageaient /ʁa.va.ʒɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | ravageai /ʁa.va.ʒe/ |
ravageas /ʁa.va.ʒa/ |
ravagea /ʁa.va.ʒa/ |
ravageâmes /ʁa.va.ʒam/ |
ravageâtes /ʁa.va.ʒat/ |
ravagèrent /ʁa.va.ʒɛʁ/ | |
| future | ravagerai /ʁa.vaʒ.ʁe/ |
ravageras /ʁa.vaʒ.ʁa/ |
ravagera /ʁa.vaʒ.ʁa/ |
ravagerons /ʁa.vaʒ.ʁɔ̃/ |
ravagerez /ʁa.vaʒ.ʁe/ |
ravageront /ʁa.vaʒ.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | ravagerais /ʁa.vaʒ.ʁɛ/ |
ravagerais /ʁa.vaʒ.ʁɛ/ |
ravagerait /ʁa.vaʒ.ʁɛ/ |
ravagerions /ʁa.va.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
ravageriez /ʁa.va.ʒə.ʁje/ |
ravageraient /ʁa.vaʒ.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | ravage /ʁa.vaʒ/ |
ravages /ʁa.vaʒ/ |
ravage /ʁa.vaʒ/ |
ravagions /ʁa.va.ʒjɔ̃/ |
ravagiez /ʁa.va.ʒje/ |
ravagent /ʁa.vaʒ/ |
| imperfect2 | ravageasse /ʁa.va.ʒas/ |
ravageasses /ʁa.va.ʒas/ |
ravageât /ʁa.va.ʒa/ |
ravageassions /ʁa.va.ʒa.sjɔ̃/ |
ravageassiez /ʁa.va.ʒa.sje/ |
ravageassent /ʁa.va.ʒas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | ravage /ʁa.vaʒ/ |
— | ravageons /ʁa.va.ʒɔ̃/ |
ravagez /ʁa.va.ʒe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “ravager”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
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