ragad
See also: rågad
Hungarian
Etymology
Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Ugric *rᴕ̈ŋkɜ- (“to stick”)[1] + -ad (frequentative verb-forming suffix).[2]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈrɒɡɒd]
- Hyphenation: ra‧gad
- Rhymes: -ɒd
Verb
ragad
Conjugation
conjugation of ragad
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | ragadok | ragadsz | ragad | ragadunk | ragadtok | ragadnak | |
Def. | ragadom | ragadod | ragadja | ragadjuk | ragadjátok | ragadják | |||
2nd-p. o. | ragadlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | ragadtam | ragadtál | ragadt or ragadott |
ragadtunk | ragadtatok | ragadtak | ||
Def. | ragadtam | ragadtad | ragadta | ragadtuk | ragadtátok | ragadták | |||
2nd-p. o. | ragadtalak | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. ragadni fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | ragadék | ragadál | ragada | ragadánk | ragadátok | ragadának | ||
Def. | ragadám | ragadád | ragadá | ragadánk | ragadátok | ragadák | |||
2nd-p. o. | ragadálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. ragad vala, ragadt vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | ragadandok | ragadandasz | ragadand | ragadandunk | ragadandotok | ragadandanak | ||
Def. | ragadandom | ragadandod | ragadandja | ragadandjuk | ragadandjátok | ragadandják | |||
2nd-p. o. | ragadandalak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | ragadnék | ragadnál | ragadna | ragadnánk | ragadnátok | ragadnának | |
Def. | ragadnám | ragadnád | ragadná | ragadnánk (or ragadnók) |
ragadnátok | ragadnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | ragadnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. ragadt volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | ragadjak | ragadj or ragadjál |
ragadjon | ragadjunk | ragadjatok | ragadjanak | |
Def. | ragadjam | ragadd or ragadjad |
ragadja | ragadjuk | ragadjátok | ragadják | |||
2nd-p. o. | ragadjalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. ragadt légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | ragadni | ragadnom | ragadnod | ragadnia | ragadnunk | ragadnotok | ragadniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
ragadás | ragadó | ragadt or ragadott | ragadandó | ragadva (ragadván) | ragadtat | ||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
potential conjugation of ragad
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | ragadhatok | ragadhatsz | ragadhat | ragadhatunk | ragadhattok | ragadhatnak | |
Def. | ragadhatom | ragadhatod | ragadhatja | ragadhatjuk | ragadhatjátok | ragadhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | ragadhatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | ragadhattam | ragadhattál | ragadhatott | ragadhattunk | ragadhattatok | ragadhattak | ||
Def. | ragadhattam | ragadhattad | ragadhatta | ragadhattuk | ragadhattátok | ragadhatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | ragadhattalak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | ragadhaték | ragadhatál | ragadhata | ragadhatánk | ragadhatátok | ragadhatának | ||
Def. | ragadhatám | ragadhatád | ragadhatá | ragadhatánk | ragadhatátok | ragadhaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | ragadhatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. ragadhat vala, ragadhatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | ragadhatandok or ragadandhatok |
ragadhatandasz or ragadandhatsz |
ragadhatand or ragadandhat |
ragadhatandunk or ragadandhatunk |
ragadhatandotok or ragadandhattok |
ragadhatandanak or ragadandhatnak | ||
Def. | ragadhatandom or ragadandhatom |
ragadhatandod or ragadandhatod |
ragadhatandja or ragadandhatja |
ragadhatandjuk or ragadandhatjuk |
ragadhatandjátok or ragadandhatjátok |
ragadhatandják or ragadandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | ragadhatandalak or ragadandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | ragadhatnék | ragadhatnál | ragadhatna | ragadhatnánk | ragadhatnátok | ragadhatnának | |
Def. | ragadhatnám | ragadhatnád | ragadhatná | ragadhatnánk (or ragadhatnók) |
ragadhatnátok | ragadhatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | ragadhatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. ragadhatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | ragadhassak | ragadhass or ragadhassál |
ragadhasson | ragadhassunk | ragadhassatok | ragadhassanak | |
Def. | ragadhassam | ragadhasd or ragadhassad |
ragadhassa | ragadhassuk | ragadhassátok | ragadhassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | ragadhassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. ragadhatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (ragadhatni) | (ragadhatnom) | (ragadhatnod) | (ragadhatnia) | (ragadhatnunk) | (ragadhatnotok) | (ragadhatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | ragadható | Neg. adj. | ragadhatatlan | Adv. part. | (ragadhatva / ragadhatván) | ||||
Between the alternative forms ragadt and ragadott, the short form is used in the sense “to stick”, and the long form is used in the sense “to grab”. Examples:
- A kezem még mindig ragadt a gyantától. ― My hand was still sticky with pine resin.
- Tollat ragadott, és azonnal nekilátott levelet írni. ― He grabbed a pen and started writing a letter at once.
Derived terms
(With verbal prefixes):
- átragad
- beragad
- beleragad
- bennragad
- egyberagad
- elragad
- felragad
- hozzáragad
- ideragad
- kiragad
- közéragad
- leragad
- megragad
- odaragad
- összeragad
- ráragad
- visszaragad
Expressions
Related terms
References
- Entry #1839 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
- ragad in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
- ragad in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
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