peruna
Finnish
Etymology
Borrowed from Late Old Swedish pærun (“pear”) (compare dialectal Finnish Swedish pärun, perun and standard Swedish päron). Originally meant "pear", in which sense it has been attested since the time of Mikael Agricola (16th century). When potatoes were first introduced to Finland in the 18th century, they were usually called maaperuna (compare Swedish jordpäron (“potato”), German Erdbirne (“potato”, literally “earth-pear”)). Peruna is first mentioned in a 1787 dictionary by Christfried Ganander, and was eventually replaced in the sense "pear" by the doublet päärynä (“pear”), which is a more recent borrowing.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈperunɑ/, [ˈpe̞runɑ̝]
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -erunɑ
- Syllabification(key): pe‧ru‧na
Declension
| Inflection of peruna (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | peruna | perunat | ||
| genitive | perunan | perunoiden perunoitten | ||
| partitive | perunaa | perunoita | ||
| illative | perunaan | perunoihin | ||
| singular | plural | |||
| nominative | peruna | perunat | ||
| accusative | nom. | peruna | perunat | |
| gen. | perunan | |||
| genitive | perunan | perunoiden perunoitten perunainrare | ||
| partitive | perunaa | perunoita | ||
| inessive | perunassa | perunoissa | ||
| elative | perunasta | perunoista | ||
| illative | perunaan | perunoihin | ||
| adessive | perunalla | perunoilla | ||
| ablative | perunalta | perunoilta | ||
| allative | perunalle | perunoille | ||
| essive | perunana | perunoina | ||
| translative | perunaksi | perunoiksi | ||
| abessive | perunatta | perunoitta | ||
| instructive | — | perunoin | ||
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | |||
| Possessive forms of peruna (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms
compounds
- herkkuperuna
- keitinperuna
- kokoperunat
- kumiperuna
- kuoriperuna
- lankkuperuna
- lihaperunalaatikko
- liha-perunavuoka
- lohkoperuna
- makkaraperunat
- paistinperuna
- palloperuna
- pannuperuna
- pariisinperunat
- peruna-ankeroinen
- perunahiutale
- perunajauho
- perunakappa
- perunakattila
- perunakeitto
- perunakellari
- perunakuokka
- perunakuoppa
- perunakuoriainen
- perunakuutio
- perunalaari
- perunalaatikko
- perunalajike
- perunalastu
- perunaleivos
- perunalettu
- perunalimppu
- perunalohko
- perunalumi
- perunamaa
- perunamakkara
- perunamuhennos
- perunamuusi
- perunamylly
- perunamämmi
- perunanenä
- perunanhitu
- perunanistutus
- perunanistutuskone
- perunanitu
- perunankukka
- perunankuori
- perunankuorimaveitsi
- perunankuorimisveitsi
- perunankylvö
- perunanlohko
- perunanmukula
- perunannostaja
- perunannosto
- perunannostokone
- perunanpano
- perunansiemen
- perunantaimi
- perunanuija
- perunanvarsi
- perunanviljely
- perunaohukainen
- perunapelto
- perunapenkki
- perunapiirakka
- perunapuuro
- perunarieska
- perunarupi
- perunarutto
- perunarösti
- perunasalaatti
- perunasarka
- perunasato
- perunaskonssi
- perunasoppa
- perunasose
- perunasurvin
- perunasuurimo
- perunasyöpä
- perunasäkki
- perunateatteri
- perunateollisuus
- perunatärkkelys
- perunavako
- perunavalmiste
- perunavesi
- perunaviina
- perunaviipale
- perunaviljelmä
- perunaviljelys
- puikulaperuna
- ranskalaiset perunat
- ranskanperuna
- ranskanperunat
- rehuperuna
- ristikkoperuna
- ruokaperuna
- röstiperunat
- siemenperuna
- silakkaperunat
- sohvaperuna
- tikkuperuna
- tulivuoriperuna
- uuniperuna
- valkosipuliperunat
- varhaisperuna
Further reading
- “peruna”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
Icelandic
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