perua
Finnish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈperuɑˣ/, [ˈpe̞ruɑ̝(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -eruɑ
- Syllabification(key): pe‧ru‧a
Verb
perua
- (transitive) to withdraw, renege on, retract, take back, go back on, bum out on.
- Peruin sanani.
- I took back what I said. / I took my words back.
- (transitive) to cancel, call off
- Perun tapahtuman huomenna.
- I will cancel the event tomorrow.
- Meidän piti mennä huomenna ostoksille, mutta äiti joutui perumaan.
- We were supposed to go shopping tomorrow but mum had to call it off.
- Minä haluan perua tämän tilauksen.
- I want to cancel this subscription/order/booking.
Conjugation
| Inflection of perua (Kotus type 52/sanoa, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | perun | en peru | 1st sing. | olen perunut | en ole perunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | perut | et peru | 2nd sing. | olet perunut | et ole perunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | peruu | ei peru | 3rd sing. | on perunut | ei ole perunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | perumme | emme peru | 1st plur. | olemme peruneet | emme ole peruneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | perutte | ette peru | 2nd plur. | olette peruneet | ette ole peruneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | peruvat | eivät peru | 3rd plur. | ovat peruneet | eivät ole peruneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | perutaan | ei peruta | passive | on peruttu | ei ole peruttu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | peruin | en perunut | 1st sing. | olin perunut | en ollut perunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | peruit | et perunut | 2nd sing. | olit perunut | et ollut perunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | perui | ei perunut | 3rd sing. | oli perunut | ei ollut perunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | peruimme | emme peruneet | 1st plur. | olimme peruneet | emme olleet peruneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | peruitte | ette peruneet | 2nd plur. | olitte peruneet | ette olleet peruneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | peruivat | eivät peruneet | 3rd plur. | olivat peruneet | eivät olleet peruneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | peruttiin | ei peruttu | passive | oli peruttu | ei ollut peruttu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | peruisin | en peruisi | 1st sing. | olisin perunut | en olisi perunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | peruisit | et peruisi | 2nd sing. | olisit perunut | et olisi perunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | peruisi | ei peruisi | 3rd sing. | olisi perunut | ei olisi perunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | peruisimme | emme peruisi | 1st plur. | olisimme peruneet | emme olisi peruneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | peruisitte | ette peruisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte peruneet | ette olisi peruneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | peruisivat | eivät peruisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat peruneet | eivät olisi peruneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | peruttaisiin | ei peruttaisi | passive | olisi peruttu | ei olisi peruttu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | peru | älä peru | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | perukoon | älköön peruko | 3rd sing. | olkoon perunut | älköön olko perunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | perukaamme | älkäämme peruko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | perukaa | älkää peruko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | perukoot | älkööt peruko | 3rd plur. | olkoot peruneet | älkööt olko peruneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | peruttakoon | älköön peruttako | passive | olkoon peruttu | älköön olko peruttu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | perunen | en perune | 1st sing. | lienen perunut | en liene perunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | perunet | et perune | 2nd sing. | lienet perunut | et liene perunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | perunee | ei perune | 3rd sing. | lienee perunut | ei liene perunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | perunemme | emme perune | 1st plur. | lienemme peruneet | emme liene peruneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | perunette | ette perune | 2nd plur. | lienette peruneet | ette liene peruneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | perunevat | eivät perune | 3rd plur. | lienevät peruneet | eivät liene peruneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | peruttaneen | ei peruttane | passive | lienee peruttu | ei liene peruttu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | perua | present | peruva | peruttava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | perunut | peruttu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | peruessa | peruttaessa | agent3 | peruma | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | perumaton | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | peruen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | perumassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | perumasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | perumaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | perumalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | perumatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | peruman | peruttaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th4 | verbal noun | peruminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Further reading
- “perua”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈperuɑ/, [ˈpe̞ruɑ̝]
- Rhymes: -eruɑ
- Syllabification(key): pe‧ru‧a
Portuguese
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /peˈɾu.ɐ/, /piˈɾu.ɐ/
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /peˈɾu.a/, /piˈɾu.a/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /pɨˈɾu.ɐ/
- Hyphenation: pe‧ru‧a
Noun
perua f (plural peruas)
- female equivalent of peru, a turkey-hen
- (informal) a very skinny riding equid
- (informal) drunkenness
- (Brazil, informal, figuratively, sometimes offensive) a middle-aged woman who uses extravagant clothes and accessories
- (Brazil, informal, sometimes offensive) a prostitute
- (Brazil) van (an automobile smaller than a bus or truck and larger than a common car)
Further reading
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