percer
French
Etymology
From Old French percier, from Vulgar Latin *pertusiāre, from Latin pertusus (“perforated”). Compare Italian pertugiare.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pɛʁ.se/
audio (file)
Verb
percer
- (transitive) to pierce
- (intransitive, figuratively) to make it, to have one's breakthrough
Conjugation
This verb is part of a group of -er verbs for which 'c' is softened to a 'ç' before the vowels 'a' and 'o'.
Conjugation of percer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | percer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | perçant /pɛʁ.sɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | percé /pɛʁ.se/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | perce /pɛʁs/ |
perces /pɛʁs/ |
perce /pɛʁs/ |
perçons /pɛʁ.sɔ̃/ |
percez /pɛʁ.se/ |
percent /pɛʁs/ |
| imperfect | perçais /pɛʁ.sɛ/ |
perçais /pɛʁ.sɛ/ |
perçait /pɛʁ.sɛ/ |
percions /pɛʁ.sjɔ̃/ |
perciez /pɛʁ.sje/ |
perçaient /pɛʁ.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | perçai /pɛʁ.se/ |
perças /pɛʁ.sa/ |
perça /pɛʁ.sa/ |
perçâmes /pɛʁ.sam/ |
perçâtes /pɛʁ.sat/ |
percèrent /pɛʁ.sɛʁ/ | |
| future | percerai /pɛʁ.sə.ʁe/ |
perceras /pɛʁ.sə.ʁa/ |
percera /pɛʁ.sə.ʁa/ |
percerons /pɛʁ.sə.ʁɔ̃/ |
percerez /pɛʁ.sə.ʁe/ |
perceront /pɛʁ.sə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | percerais /pɛʁ.sə.ʁɛ/ |
percerais /pɛʁ.sə.ʁɛ/ |
percerait /pɛʁ.sə.ʁɛ/ |
percerions /pɛʁ.sə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
perceriez /pɛʁ.sə.ʁje/ |
perceraient /pɛʁ.sə.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | perce /pɛʁs/ |
perces /pɛʁs/ |
perce /pɛʁs/ |
percions /pɛʁ.sjɔ̃/ |
perciez /pɛʁ.sje/ |
percent /pɛʁs/ |
| imperfect2 | perçasse /pɛʁ.sas/ |
perçasses /pɛʁ.sas/ |
perçât /pɛʁ.sa/ |
perçassions /pɛʁ.sa.sjɔ̃/ |
perçassiez /pɛʁ.sa.sje/ |
perçassent /pɛʁ.sas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | perce /pɛʁs/ |
— | perçons /pɛʁ.sɔ̃/ |
percez /pɛʁ.se/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
Further reading
- “percer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
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