muñcati

Pali

Alternative forms
Alternative forms
  • 𑀫𑀼𑀜𑁆𑀘𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
  • मुञ्चति (Devanagari script)
  • মুঞ্চতি (Bengali script)
  • මුඤ‍්චති (Sinhalese script)
  • မုဉ္စတိ or မုၺ္ၸတိ or မုၺ်ၸတိ (Burmese script)
  • มุญฺจติ or มุญจะติ (Thai script)
  • ᨾᩩᨬ᩠ᨧᨲᩥ (Tai Tham script)
  • ມຸຎ຺ຈຕິ or ມຸຎຈະຕິ (Lao script)
  • មុញ្ចតិ (Khmer script)
  • 𑄟𑄪𑄐𑄴𑄌𑄖𑄨 (Chakma script)

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit मुञ्चति (muñcati).

The use of the active form with passive meaning has been attributed to a similarity at some point of writings of the conjuncts 'cc' and 'ñc'.[1]

Although printed Pali uses touching letters for the most part and restricts conjuncts to those with ය (ya) and ර (ra) and those which remove the right hand portion of ක (ka), ත (ta) and න (na), much greater use of conjuncts has been made in manuscripts. Thus it is reported[2] that there is a ligature for 'cc' (but ඩ (ḍa)) as well as for 'ñc' namely ඤ්‍ච (ñca). Now, the latter is formed by prefixing sanyaka, which can denote a nasal sound or else gemination, and it is possible that we have a conflict in usage. For consonants other than palatals, sanyaka seems to denote a nasal only for the voiced unaspirated stop.

Verb

muñcati (root muc, second conjugation)

  1. to loose[1][3]
  2. to release[1][3]
  3. to dismiss,[3] to give up,[3] to abandon,[3] to omit[3]
  4. to send forth[1][3]
  5. passive of muñcati[1]

Conjugation
Conjugation of "muñcati"
ActiveMiddle
SingularPluralSingularPlural
Present
1stmuñcāmimuñcāmamuñcemuñcāmhe
2ndmuñcasimuñcathamuñcasemuñcavhe
3rdmuñcatimuñcantimuñcatemuñcante or muñcare
Imperative
1stmuñcāmimuñcāmamuñcemuñcāmase
2ndmuñca or muñcāhimuñcathamuñcassumuñcavho
3rdmuñcatumuñcantumuñcataṃmuñcantaṃ
Optative
1stmuñceyyāmi or muñceyyaṃ or muñcemuñceyyāmamuñceyyaṃmuñceyyāmhe
2ndmuñceyyāsi or muñcemuñceyyāthamuñcethomuñceyyavho
3rdmuñceyya or muñcemuñceyyuṃmuñcethamuñceraṃ
Aorist
1stamuñciṃ or muñciṃamuñcimha or muñcimha
2ndamuñci or muñciamuñcittha or muñcittha
3rdamuñci or muñciamuñciṃsu or muñciṃsu
  • Present active participle: muñcant, which see for forms and usage
  • Present middle participle: muñcamāna, which see for forms and usage
  • Past participle: mutta, which see for forms and usage
  • Passive: muccati, which see for forms and usage.

References
  1. Pali Text Society (1921–1925) “muñcati”, in Pali-English Dictionary‎, London: Chipstead
  2. Gunasékera, Abraham Mendis (1891) A Comprehensive Grammar of the Sinhalese Language, Sri Lanka Sahitya Mandalaya; reprinted 1962, page 13: “In Pali writings the compounds ඩ and ඞ often occur. ඩ = ච‍්ච chcha and ඞ = බ‍්බ bba, and are respectively called Páli chayanna පාළි චයන්න and Sabba bayanna සබ‍්බ බයන්න, in contradistinction to ඩ ḍa and ඞ ṅa, which are alike in form.”
  3. Childers, Robert Caesar, Dictionary of the Päli language, London: Trübner & Company, 1875, page 251.
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