laghdaigh
Irish
Alternative forms
- laghduigh, laigheaduigh, luigheadaigh, luigheaduigh (obsolete)
Etymology
From Middle Irish lagdaigid. By surface analysis, laghad + -igh.
Pronunciation
- (Ulster) IPA(key): /ˈl̪ˠeːd̪ˠi/, (older) /ˈl̪ˠɤːd̪ˠi/
Verb
laghdaigh (present analytic laghdaíonn, future analytic laghdóidh, verbal noun laghdú, past participle laghdaithe)
- (transitive, intransitive) to lessen, diminish, decrease, reduce, abate
- Synonym: beagaigh
- (ditransitive) to cost (a person an amount)
- Synonym: cosain
- nár laghdaigh scilling é ― which cost him not a shilling
Usage notes
- This verb can be used transitively, but it is often used intransitively with ar to express a transitive meaning, for example laghdú ar phionós (“to reduce a penalty”).
Conjugation
conjugation of laghdaigh (second conjugation)
singular | plural | relative | autonomous | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||
indicative | present | laghdaím | laghdaíonn tú; laghdaír† |
laghdaíonn sé, sí | laghdaímid; laghdaíonn muid |
laghdaíonn sibh | laghdaíonn siad; laghdaíd† |
a laghdaíonn; a laghdaíos | laghdaítear |
past | laghdaigh mé; laghdaíos | laghdaigh tú; laghdaís | laghdaigh sé, sí | laghdaíomar; laghdaigh muid | laghdaigh sibh; laghdaíobhair | laghdaigh siad; laghdaíodar | a laghdaigh / ar laghdaigh* |
laghdaíodh | |
past habitual | laghdaínn | laghdaíteá | laghdaíodh sé, sí | laghdaímis; laghdaíodh muid | laghdaíodh sibh | laghdaídís; laghdaíodh siad | a laghdaíodh / a laghdaíodh* |
laghdaítí | |
future | laghdóidh mé; laghdód; laghdóchaidh mé† |
laghdóidh tú; laghdóir†; laghdóchaidh tú† |
laghdóidh sé, sí; laghdóchaidh sé, sí† |
laghdóimid; laghdóidh muid; laghdóchaimid†; laghdóchaidh muid† |
laghdóidh sibh; laghdóchaidh sibh† |
laghdóidh siad; laghdóid†; laghdóchaidh siad† |
a laghdóidh; a laghdós; a laghdóchaidh†; a laghdóchas† | laghdófar; laghdóchar† | |
conditional | laghdóinn; laghdóchainn† | laghdófá; laghdóchthᆠ| laghdódh sé, sí; laghdóchadh sé, sí† | laghdóimis; laghdódh muid; laghdóchaimis†; laghdóchadh muid† | laghdódh sibh; laghdóchadh sibh† | laghdóidís; laghdódh siad; laghdóchadh siad† | a laghdódh; a laghdóchadh† / a laghdódh*; a laghdóchadh*† |
laghdófaí; laghdóchthaí† | |
subjunctive | present | go laghdaí mé; go laghdaíod† |
go laghdaí tú; go laghdaír† |
go laghdaí sé, sí | go laghdaímid; go laghdaí muid |
go laghdaí sibh | go laghdaí siad; go laghdaíd† |
— | go laghdaítear |
past | dá laghdaínn | dá laghdaíteá | dá laghdaíodh sé, sí | dá laghdaímis; dá laghdaíodh muid |
dá laghdaíodh sibh | dá laghdaídís; dá laghdaíodh siad |
— | dá laghdaítí | |
imperative | laghdaím | laghdaigh | laghdaíodh sé, sí | laghdaímis | laghdaígí; laghdaídh† |
laghdaídís | — | laghdaítear | |
verbal noun | laghdú | ||||||||
past participle | laghdaithe |
* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
Antonyms
Derived terms
- laghdaithe (“diminished (also as a musical term)”)
Further reading
- “laghdaigh”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “lagdaigid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “laġduiġim”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 413
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “laghdaigh”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 81
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