kosia
Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kosidak (compare Estonian kosima, Livonian kuo’žžõ).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkosiɑˣ/, [ˈko̞s̠iɑ̝(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -osiɑ
- Syllabification(key): ko‧si‧a
Verb
kosia
- (transitive, usually atelic) to propose (marriage) to, pop the question (ask to marry)
- (archaic or historical) to court (try to win a commitment to marry from)
- (figurative) to court (attempt to gain alliance with)
- kosia äänestäjiä ― to court voters
Conjugation
| Inflection of kosia (Kotus type 61/sallia, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kosin | en kosi | 1st sing. | olen kosinut | en ole kosinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kosit | et kosi | 2nd sing. | olet kosinut | et ole kosinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kosii | ei kosi | 3rd sing. | on kosinut | ei ole kosinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kosimme | emme kosi | 1st plur. | olemme kosineet | emme ole kosineet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kositte | ette kosi | 2nd plur. | olette kosineet | ette ole kosineet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kosivat | eivät kosi | 3rd plur. | ovat kosineet | eivät ole kosineet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kositaan | ei kosita | passive | on kosittu | ei ole kosittu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kosin | en kosinut | 1st sing. | olin kosinut | en ollut kosinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kosit | et kosinut | 2nd sing. | olit kosinut | et ollut kosinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kosi | ei kosinut | 3rd sing. | oli kosinut | ei ollut kosinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kosimme | emme kosineet | 1st plur. | olimme kosineet | emme olleet kosineet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kositte | ette kosineet | 2nd plur. | olitte kosineet | ette olleet kosineet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kosivat | eivät kosineet | 3rd plur. | olivat kosineet | eivät olleet kosineet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kosittiin | ei kosittu | passive | oli kosittu | ei ollut kosittu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kosisin | en kosisi | 1st sing. | olisin kosinut | en olisi kosinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kosisit | et kosisi | 2nd sing. | olisit kosinut | et olisi kosinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kosisi | ei kosisi | 3rd sing. | olisi kosinut | ei olisi kosinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kosisimme | emme kosisi | 1st plur. | olisimme kosineet | emme olisi kosineet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kosisitte | ette kosisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte kosineet | ette olisi kosineet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kosisivat | eivät kosisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat kosineet | eivät olisi kosineet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kosittaisiin | ei kosittaisi | passive | olisi kosittu | ei olisi kosittu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kosi | älä kosi | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kosikoon | älköön kosiko | 3rd sing. | olkoon kosinut | älköön olko kosinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kosikaamme | älkäämme kosiko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kosikaa | älkää kosiko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kosikoot | älkööt kosiko | 3rd plur. | olkoot kosineet | älkööt olko kosineet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kosittakoon | älköön kosittako | passive | olkoon kosittu | älköön olko kosittu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kosinen | en kosine | 1st sing. | lienen kosinut | en liene kosinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kosinet | et kosine | 2nd sing. | lienet kosinut | et liene kosinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kosinee | ei kosine | 3rd sing. | lienee kosinut | ei liene kosinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kosinemme | emme kosine | 1st plur. | lienemme kosineet | emme liene kosineet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kosinette | ette kosine | 2nd plur. | lienette kosineet | ette liene kosineet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kosinevat | eivät kosine | 3rd plur. | lienevät kosineet | eivät liene kosineet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kosittaneen | ei kosittane | passive | lienee kosittu | ei liene kosittu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | kosia | present | kosiva | kosittava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | kosinut | kosittu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | kosiessa | kosittaessa | agent3 | kosima | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | kosimaton | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | kosien | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | kosimassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | kosimasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | kosimaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | kosimalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | kosimatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | kosiman | kosittaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th4 | verbal noun | kosiminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Derived terms
nouns
verbs
compounds
Further reading
- “kosia”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
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