kertoa
Finnish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkertoɑˣ/, [ˈk̟e̞rt̪o̞ɑ̝(ʔ)]
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -ertoɑ
- Syllabification(key): ker‧to‧a
Verb
kertoa
- to tell
- Kertoiko hän mitään eilisestä?
- Did s/he say anything about yesterday?
- (arithmetic) to multiply (by = adessive)
- to have it (to understand, believe, let believe)
- Huhu kertoo, että etsit uutta työtä.
- Rumour has it you're looking for a new job.
- Tavallinen viisaus kertoo, että lämpö nousee ylöspäin, mutta itse asiassa se leviää: kuuma ilma nousee.
- Conventional wisdom has it that heat rises, but in fact heat diffuses: hot air rises.
- to be a sign (of = elative), speak of, indicate
- to be about, tell of (+ elative)
Conjugation
| Inflection of kertoa (Kotus type 52*K/sanoa, rt-rr gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kerron | en kerro | 1st sing. | olen kertonut | en ole kertonut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kerrot | et kerro | 2nd sing. | olet kertonut | et ole kertonut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kertoo | ei kerro | 3rd sing. | on kertonut | ei ole kertonut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kerromme | emme kerro | 1st plur. | olemme kertoneet | emme ole kertoneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kerrotte | ette kerro | 2nd plur. | olette kertoneet | ette ole kertoneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kertovat | eivät kerro | 3rd plur. | ovat kertoneet | eivät ole kertoneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kerrotaan | ei kerrota | passive | on kerrottu | ei ole kerrottu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kerroin | en kertonut | 1st sing. | olin kertonut | en ollut kertonut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kerroit | et kertonut | 2nd sing. | olit kertonut | et ollut kertonut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kertoi | ei kertonut | 3rd sing. | oli kertonut | ei ollut kertonut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kerroimme | emme kertoneet | 1st plur. | olimme kertoneet | emme olleet kertoneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kerroitte | ette kertoneet | 2nd plur. | olitte kertoneet | ette olleet kertoneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kertoivat | eivät kertoneet | 3rd plur. | olivat kertoneet | eivät olleet kertoneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kerrottiin | ei kerrottu | passive | oli kerrottu | ei ollut kerrottu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kertoisin | en kertoisi | 1st sing. | olisin kertonut | en olisi kertonut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kertoisit | et kertoisi | 2nd sing. | olisit kertonut | et olisi kertonut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kertoisi | ei kertoisi | 3rd sing. | olisi kertonut | ei olisi kertonut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kertoisimme | emme kertoisi | 1st plur. | olisimme kertoneet | emme olisi kertoneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kertoisitte | ette kertoisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte kertoneet | ette olisi kertoneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kertoisivat | eivät kertoisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat kertoneet | eivät olisi kertoneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kerrottaisiin | ei kerrottaisi | passive | olisi kerrottu | ei olisi kerrottu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kerro | älä kerro | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kertokoon | älköön kertoko | 3rd sing. | olkoon kertonut | älköön olko kertonut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kertokaamme | älkäämme kertoko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kertokaa | älkää kertoko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kertokoot | älkööt kertoko | 3rd plur. | olkoot kertoneet | älkööt olko kertoneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kerrottakoon | älköön kerrottako | passive | olkoon kerrottu | älköön olko kerrottu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kertonen | en kertone | 1st sing. | lienen kertonut | en liene kertonut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kertonet | et kertone | 2nd sing. | lienet kertonut | et liene kertonut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kertonee | ei kertone | 3rd sing. | lienee kertonut | ei liene kertonut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kertonemme | emme kertone | 1st plur. | lienemme kertoneet | emme liene kertoneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kertonette | ette kertone | 2nd plur. | lienette kertoneet | ette liene kertoneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kertonevat | eivät kertone | 3rd plur. | lienevät kertoneet | eivät liene kertoneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kerrottaneen | ei kerrottane | passive | lienee kerrottu | ei liene kerrottu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | kertoa | present | kertova | kerrottava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | kertonut | kerrottu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | kertoessa | kerrottaessa | agent3 | kertoma | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | kertomaton | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | kertoen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | kertomassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | kertomasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | kertomaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | kertomalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | kertomatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | kertoman | kerrottaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th4 | verbal noun | kertominen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Derived terms
nouns
verbs
Further reading
- “kertoa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
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