kaivo
Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kaivo. Equivalent to kaivaa (“to dig”) + -o. Cognate with Estonian kaev.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkɑi̯ʋo/, [ˈkɑ̝i̯ʋo̞]
- Rhymes: -ɑiʋo
- Syllabification(key): kai‧vo
Declension
Inflection of kaivo (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | kaivo | kaivot | ||
genitive | kaivon | kaivojen | ||
partitive | kaivoa | kaivoja | ||
illative | kaivoon | kaivoihin | ||
singular | plural | |||
nominative | kaivo | kaivot | ||
accusative | nom. | kaivo | kaivot | |
gen. | kaivon | |||
genitive | kaivon | kaivojen | ||
partitive | kaivoa | kaivoja | ||
inessive | kaivossa | kaivoissa | ||
elative | kaivosta | kaivoista | ||
illative | kaivoon | kaivoihin | ||
adessive | kaivolla | kaivoilla | ||
ablative | kaivolta | kaivoilta | ||
allative | kaivolle | kaivoille | ||
essive | kaivona | kaivoina | ||
translative | kaivoksi | kaivoiksi | ||
abessive | kaivotta | kaivoitta | ||
instructive | — | kaivoin | ||
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Possessive forms of kaivo (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms
compounds
- erotuskaivo
- jätevesikaivo
- jäätikkökaivo
- kaivohuone
- kaivonkansi
- kaivonkatsoja
- kaivonkatsominen
- kaivonkatsonta
- kaivonkehä
- kaivonrengas
- kaivonsanko
- kaivonvintti
- Kaivopuisto
- kaivopumppu
- kaivovesi
- kokoojakaivo
- kuilukaivo
- kvanttikaivo
- lantavesikaivo
- lattiakaivo
- lietekaivo
- likakaivo
- likavesikaivo
- lähdekaivo
- palokaivo
- porakaivo
- puhdistuskaivo
- pumppukaivo
- putkikaivo
- rengaskaivo
- sadevesikaivo
- sakokaivo
- salaojakaivo
- saostuskaivo
- suihkukaivo
- syväkaivo
- syöksykaivo
- toivomuskaivo
- umpikaivo
- veivikaivo
- vesikaivo
- viemärikaivo
- vinttikaivo
- virtsakaivo
- vuorikaivo
Descendants
- → Northern Sami: gáivo
Further reading
- “kaivo”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
Ingrian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kaivo, equivalent to kaivaa (“to dig”) + -o. Cognates include Finnish kaivo and Estonian kaev.
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈkɑi̯ʋo/, [ˈkɑi̯ʋŏ̞̥]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈkɑi̯ʋo/, [ˈkɑi̯ʋo̞]
- Rhymes: -ɑi̯ʋo
- Hyphenation: kai‧vo
Declension
Declension of kaivo (type 4/koivu, no gradation) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | kaivo | kaivot |
genitive | kaivon | kaivoin, kaivoloin |
partitive | kaivoa | kaivoja, kaivoloja |
illative | kaivoo | kaivoi, kaivoloihe |
inessive | kaivoos | kaivois, kaivolois |
elative | kaivost | kaivoist, kaivoloist |
allative | kaivolle | kaivoille, kaivoloille |
adessive | kaivool | kaivoil, kaivoloil |
ablative | kaivolt | kaivoilt, kaivoloilt |
translative | kaivoks | kaivoiks, kaivoloiks |
essive | kaivonna, kaivoon | kaivoinna, kaivoloinna, kaivoin, kaivoloin |
exessive1) | kaivont | kaivoint, kaivoloint |
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. |
Derived terms
Karelian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kaivo.
Votic
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kaivo.
Pronunciation
- (Luutsa, Liivtšülä) IPA(key): /ˈkɑi̯vo/, [ˈkɑi̯vo]
- Rhymes: -ɑi̯vo
- Hyphenation: kai‧vo
Inflection
Declension of kaivo (type II/võrkko, no gradation) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | kaivo | kaivod |
genitive | kaivo | kaivojõ, kaivoi |
partitive | kaivoa | kaivoitõ, kaivoi |
illative | kaivosõ, kaivo | kaivoisõ |
inessive | kaivoz | kaivoiz |
elative | kaivossõ | kaivoissõ |
allative | kaivolõ | kaivoilõ |
adessive | kaivollõ | kaivoillõ |
ablative | kaivoltõ | kaivoiltõ |
translative | kaivossi | kaivoissi |
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive. |
References
- Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn
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