jwr

Egyptian

Pronunciation
 
  • (reconstructed) IPA(key): /ˈjaːwaɾ/ → /ˈjaːjaʔ/ → /ˈʔaːʔə/ → /ˈʔoːʔ/

Verb
E9wr
r		 B2

 3-lit.

  1. (transitive) to conceive (become pregnant with)

Inflection
Conjugation of jwr (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: jwr, geminated stem: jwrr
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
jwr
 jwrw, jwr
 jwrt
 jwr
 jwr
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
jwr
 ḥr jwr
 m jwr
 r jwr
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active passive contingent
aspect / mood active passive
perfect jwr.n
 jwrw, jwr
 consecutive jwr.jn
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative jwrt
perfective3 jwr
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 obligative1 jwr.ḫr
 active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective jwr
 active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3 jwr
 jwrr
 potentialis1 jwr.kꜣ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive jwr
 active + .tj1, .tw2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active passive active passive
perfect jwr.n
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 — —
perfective jwr
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 jwr
 jwr, jwrw5, jwry5
imperfective jwr, jwry, jwrw5
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 jwr, jwrj6, jwry6
 jwr, jwrw5
prospective jwr, jwrtj7
 — jwrtj4, jwrt4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular.
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jwr  
E9
r		 B2
E9Wwr
r		 B3
jwr jwr

Descendants
  • Sahidic Coptic: ⲱⲱ (ōō)

References
  • James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 36, 240.
  • Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 243
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