jibarizar
Spanish
Etymology
From jíbaro + -izar, after the Jivaroan peoples' practice of making shrunken heads.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): (Spain) /xibaɾiˈθaɾ/ [xi.β̞a.ɾiˈθaɾ]
- IPA(key): (Latin America) /xibaɾiˈsaɾ/ [xi.β̞a.ɾiˈsaɾ]
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: ji‧ba‧ri‧zar
Verb
jibarizar (first-person singular present jibarizo, first-person singular preterite jibaricé, past participle jibarizado)
- (colloquial, with a negative connotation) to reduce, to diminish, to shrink, to lessen
- 1970, Política y espíritu:
- En esa materia, la candidatura del señor Alessandri ha hecho ya su opción: jibarizar nuestra visión de Chile y apelar, en consecuencia, a lo más egoísta, pequeño e irrelevante de los chilenos para entregar una paz ficticia
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1994, Eduardo Labarca Goddard, Butamalón:
- nuestras virtudes se jibarizan y nuestros defectos engordan elefantiásicamente
- our virtues are winnowing away and our defects are mushrooming
- 2015 July 24, “Si hubiese Gobierno”, in El País:
- Si el Gobierno tuviese presidente, se instalaría en Barcelona, o en Castellfollit de la Roca (se supone que son también España), durante unas semanas, escuchando, hasta tener una idea, un proyecto, una reforma que fuese algo más que hacer nada, jibarizar el Estado autonómico o preanunciar escarmientos.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Conjugation
infinitive | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | |||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | |||||||
plural | |||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | vos |
tú||||||
imperfect | |||||||
preterite | |||||||
future | |||||||
conditional | |||||||
subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | vos2 |
tú||||||
imperfect (ra) |
|||||||
imperfect (se) |
|||||||
future1 | |||||||
imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
affirmative | vos |
tú||||||
negative | no jibarices | no jibarice | no jibaricemos | no jibaricéis | no jibaricen |
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
with infinitive | |||||||
dative | , | , | |||||
accusative | , , | , , | |||||
with gerund | |||||||
dative | , | , | |||||
accusative | , , | , , | |||||
with informal second-person singular tú imperative | |||||||
dative | not used | ||||||
accusative | , | not used | , | ||||
with informal second-person singular vos imperative | |||||||
dative | not used | ||||||
accusative | , | not used | , | ||||
with formal second-person singular imperative | |||||||
dative | not used | , | not used | ||||
accusative | not used | , , | not used | , | |||
with first-person plural imperative | |||||||
dative | not used | ||||||
accusative | not used | , | , | ||||
with informal second-person plural imperative | |||||||
dative | not used | ||||||
accusative | not used | , | , | ||||
with formal second-person plural imperative | |||||||
dative | not used | not used | , | ||||
accusative | not used | , | not used | , , |
Derived terms
- jibarización
- jibarizador
Further reading
- “jibarizar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
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