jauns

jauns

1. plural of jaun

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *jauˀnás. Cognates include Latvian jauns and Lithuanian jaunas.

• IPA^(key): [ˈjâu̯nt͡s]
• Hyphenation: jauns

jauns (comparative jaunuoks)

1. new, young

• vacs (“old”)

• Nicole Nau (2011) A short grammar of Latgalian, München: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN, page 64

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *jauˀnás, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂yéwHō.

In Latvian, this word broadened its meaning to include also “new,” replacing a previous *naujs (“new”) (compare Lithuanian naũjas (“new”)). Cognates include Lithuanian jáunas (“young”), Old Prussian *jaun- in names of people (Jawne, Javne, etc.), Sudovian iaunis, Old Church Slavonic юнъ (junŭ), Russian ю́ный (júnyj), Ukrainian юний (junyj), Czech jinoch (“young man”), Gothic 𐌾𐌿𐌲𐌲𐍃 (juggs), German jung, English young, Sanskrit युवन (yúvana), Latin iuvenis.

• IPA^(key): [jaûns]

jauns (definite jaunais, comparative jaunāks, superlative visjaunākais, adverb none)

1. (of people, animals, plants) having relatively low age, young, new

   jauns cilvēks, vīrietis ― young person, man

   jauna sieviete ― young woman

   jaunie lasītāji, vēlētāji ― young readers, voters

   jaunie lācēni ― young bear cubs

   jauns mežs ― young, new forest

   jaunas atvases ― young, new shoots

   viņa izskatās jaunāka par saviem gadiem ― she looks younger than her years (= age)

2. (of people) young, typical of youth

   jaunas dienas ― young days, youth

   jauna skaista balss ― young, beautiful voice

   sirdi vajag paturēt jaunu, tad cilvēks nekad nebūs vecs ― one must keep one's heart young, then one will never grow old

3. (moon) new

   Jauns Mēness ― New Moon

4. new, recent (created, invented, built, established a short time ago)

   jauns ciemats ― new village

   jauna pilsēta ― new town, city

   jaunas konstrukcijas mašīnas ― new construction machines

   jauna sintētiskā šķiedra ― new (kind of) synthetic fiber

   jauna luga, opera ― new play, opera

   kas jauns? — what's new? (conversation starter)

5. new (which has recently mature, which was recently harvested; fresh)

   jaunie kāposti ― new cabbage

   jaunā raža ― the new harvest

6. new, young (having recently begun to act, to work; having little experience)

   jauns skolotājs, ārsts, advokāts ― new, young teachers, doctor, lawyer

   jauno autoru apvienība ― young authors association

   jaunais pāris ― the new, young couple (i.e., recently married)

7. new (recently acquire, purchased; not worn out; not used)

   jauns mētelis ― new coat

   jaunas kurpes ― new shoes

   tirgoties ar jaunām un lietotām grāmatām ― to trade with new and used books

8. new (different; not like before)

   sākt jaunu dzīvi ― to begin a new life

   jauns darbs ― new work, job

   jauna uztvere, pieeja, metode ― new perception, approach, method

   jauni plani, nodomi ― new plans, intentions

9. new (following a previous one; replacing a previous one)

   sācies jauns gads ― a new year has started

   Jaunie Laiki ― the Modern Times (from 1640 to 1917)

   jaunais gads, jaungads ― New Year

   Jauna Derība ― the New Testament

   jauns ilustrēts izdēvums ― new illustrated edition

   jaunā stila (Gregora) kalendārs ― new style (Gregorian) calendar

   jaunā ortografijā ― new orthography, spelling

• vecs

• jaunatne
• jaunava, jaunavība, jaunavīgs
• jaunība
• jaunietis, jauniete
• jauneklis
• jaunums

• Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “jauns”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN