immdích
Middle Irish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /imʲˈdʲiːxʲ/
Verb
imm·dích
- to protect, to defend
- Synonym: ditnid
- c. 1000, Anonymous, published in (1935) Rudolf Thurneysen, editor, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó (in Middle Irish), Dublin: Staionery Office, § 1, l. 2, page 1: “Im·dīched in cú Laigniu huili. ― The dog protected all Leinster.”
Inflection
- Third-person singular imperfect deuterotonic: im·díched
Mutation
| Middle Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| imm·dích | imm·dích pronounced with /-ð(ʲ)-/, later /-ɣ(ʲ)-/ | imm·ndích |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Further reading
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “immdích”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Old Irish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /imʲˈdʲiːxʲ/
Verb
imm·dích (prototonic ·imdich, verbal noun imdegal)
- to protect, save, defend against
- c. 700, Críth Gablach, published in Críth Gablach (1941, Dublin: Stationery Office), edited by Daniel Anthony Binchy
- c. 700–1200 Táin Bó Cúailnge, from the Lebor na hUídre, LU 5028
- [Ocus] im·díus-[s]a Mag Murthemne uile.
- And I will protect all of Mag Murthemne.
- c. 700, Críth Gablach, published in Críth Gablach (1941, Dublin: Stationery Office), edited by Daniel Anthony Binchy
Inflection
Complex, class B I present, s future
| 1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present indicative | Deut. | imm·dích | ima·dichet | ||||||
| Prot. | ·imdich | ||||||||
| Imperfect indicative | Deut. | ima·dichitis | |||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Preterite | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Perfect | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Future | Deut. | im·díus | |||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Conditional | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Present subjunctive | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Past subjunctive | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Imperative | |||||||||
| Verbal noun | imdegal | ||||||||
| Past participle | |||||||||
| Verbal of necessity | |||||||||
Descendants
- Middle Irish: imm·dích
Mutation
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| imm·dích | imm·dích pronounced with /-ð(ʲ)-/ |
imm·ndích |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Further reading
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “immdích”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
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