illuminer
English
References
- “illuminer”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
French
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin illūmināre (“illuminate, light up, brighten”). Compare allumer and enluminer.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /i.ly.mi.ne/
audio (file)
Verb
illuminer
- (transitive) to illuminate, to light up
- Les étoiles illuminent le ciel noir.
- The stars illuminate the dark sky.
- (transitive, figurative) to illuminate, to enlighten
Conjugation
Conjugation of illuminer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | illuminer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | illuminant /i.ly.mi.nɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | illuminé /i.ly.mi.ne/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | illumine /i.ly.min/ |
illumines /i.ly.min/ |
illumine /i.ly.min/ |
illuminons /i.ly.mi.nɔ̃/ |
illuminez /i.ly.mi.ne/ |
illuminent /i.ly.min/ |
| imperfect | illuminais /i.ly.mi.nɛ/ |
illuminais /i.ly.mi.nɛ/ |
illuminait /i.ly.mi.nɛ/ |
illuminions /i.ly.mi.njɔ̃/ |
illuminiez /i.ly.mi.nje/ |
illuminaient /i.ly.mi.nɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | illuminai /i.ly.mi.ne/ |
illuminas /i.ly.mi.na/ |
illumina /i.ly.mi.na/ |
illuminâmes /i.ly.mi.nam/ |
illuminâtes /i.ly.mi.nat/ |
illuminèrent /i.ly.mi.nɛʁ/ | |
| future | illuminerai /i.ly.min.ʁe/ |
illumineras /i.ly.min.ʁa/ |
illuminera /i.ly.min.ʁa/ |
illuminerons /i.ly.min.ʁɔ̃/ |
illuminerez /i.ly.min.ʁe/ |
illumineront /i.ly.min.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | illuminerais /i.ly.min.ʁɛ/ |
illuminerais /i.ly.min.ʁɛ/ |
illuminerait /i.ly.min.ʁɛ/ |
illuminerions /i.ly.mi.nə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
illumineriez /i.ly.mi.nə.ʁje/ |
illumineraient /i.ly.min.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | illumine /i.ly.min/ |
illumines /i.ly.min/ |
illumine /i.ly.min/ |
illuminions /i.ly.mi.njɔ̃/ |
illuminiez /i.ly.mi.nje/ |
illuminent /i.ly.min/ |
| imperfect2 | illuminasse /i.ly.mi.nas/ |
illuminasses /i.ly.mi.nas/ |
illuminât /i.ly.mi.na/ |
illuminassions /i.ly.mi.na.sjɔ̃/ |
illuminassiez /i.ly.mi.na.sje/ |
illuminassent /i.ly.mi.nas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | illumine /i.ly.min/ |
— | illuminons /i.ly.mi.nɔ̃/ |
illuminez /i.ly.mi.ne/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Synonyms
Derived terms
Further reading
- “illuminer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Latin
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