hetkua
Finnish
Etymology
Proto-Finnic *hëcku + -ua; probably sound-symbolic[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈhetkuɑˣ/, [ˈhe̞t̪kuɑ̝(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -etkuɑ
- Syllabification(key): het‧ku‧a
Conjugation
| Inflection of hetkua (Kotus type 52/sanoa, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | hetkun | en hetku | 1st sing. | olen hetkunut | en ole hetkunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | hetkut | et hetku | 2nd sing. | olet hetkunut | et ole hetkunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | hetkuu | ei hetku | 3rd sing. | on hetkunut | ei ole hetkunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | hetkumme | emme hetku | 1st plur. | olemme hetkuneet | emme ole hetkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | hetkutte | ette hetku | 2nd plur. | olette hetkuneet | ette ole hetkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | hetkuvat | eivät hetku | 3rd plur. | ovat hetkuneet | eivät ole hetkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | hetkutaan | ei hetkuta | passive | on hetkuttu | ei ole hetkuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | hetkuin | en hetkunut | 1st sing. | olin hetkunut | en ollut hetkunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | hetkuit | et hetkunut | 2nd sing. | olit hetkunut | et ollut hetkunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | hetkui | ei hetkunut | 3rd sing. | oli hetkunut | ei ollut hetkunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | hetkuimme | emme hetkuneet | 1st plur. | olimme hetkuneet | emme olleet hetkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | hetkuitte | ette hetkuneet | 2nd plur. | olitte hetkuneet | ette olleet hetkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | hetkuivat | eivät hetkuneet | 3rd plur. | olivat hetkuneet | eivät olleet hetkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | hetkuttiin | ei hetkuttu | passive | oli hetkuttu | ei ollut hetkuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | hetkuisin | en hetkuisi | 1st sing. | olisin hetkunut | en olisi hetkunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | hetkuisit | et hetkuisi | 2nd sing. | olisit hetkunut | et olisi hetkunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | hetkuisi | ei hetkuisi | 3rd sing. | olisi hetkunut | ei olisi hetkunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | hetkuisimme | emme hetkuisi | 1st plur. | olisimme hetkuneet | emme olisi hetkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | hetkuisitte | ette hetkuisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte hetkuneet | ette olisi hetkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | hetkuisivat | eivät hetkuisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat hetkuneet | eivät olisi hetkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | hetkuttaisiin | ei hetkuttaisi | passive | olisi hetkuttu | ei olisi hetkuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | hetku | älä hetku | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | hetkukoon | älköön hetkuko | 3rd sing. | olkoon hetkunut | älköön olko hetkunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | hetkukaamme | älkäämme hetkuko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | hetkukaa | älkää hetkuko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | hetkukoot | älkööt hetkuko | 3rd plur. | olkoot hetkuneet | älkööt olko hetkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | hetkuttakoon | älköön hetkuttako | passive | olkoon hetkuttu | älköön olko hetkuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | hetkunen | en hetkune | 1st sing. | lienen hetkunut | en liene hetkunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | hetkunet | et hetkune | 2nd sing. | lienet hetkunut | et liene hetkunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | hetkunee | ei hetkune | 3rd sing. | lienee hetkunut | ei liene hetkunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | hetkunemme | emme hetkune | 1st plur. | lienemme hetkuneet | emme liene hetkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | hetkunette | ette hetkune | 2nd plur. | lienette hetkuneet | ette liene hetkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | hetkunevat | eivät hetkune | 3rd plur. | lienevät hetkuneet | eivät liene hetkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | hetkuttaneen | ei hetkuttane | passive | lienee hetkuttu | ei liene hetkuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | hetkua | present | hetkuva | hetkuttava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | hetkunut | hetkuttu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | hetkuessa | hetkuttaessa | agent3 | hetkuma | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | hetkumaton | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | hetkuen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | hetkumassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | hetkumasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | hetkumaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | hetkumalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | hetkumatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | hetkuman | hetkuttaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th4 | verbal noun | hetkuminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
References
Further reading
- “hetkua”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
Anagrams
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