harva
See also: härva
Estonian
Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *harva (compare Estonian harv, Ingrian harva), from Proto-Finno-Ugric *šorwa (compare Erzya чуро (čuro, “rare, sparse”) and Southern Khanty турәп (turəp, “sparse”)).[1][2]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈhɑrʋɑ/, [ˈhɑ̝rʋɑ̝]
- Rhymes: -ɑrʋɑ
- Syllabification(key): har‧va
Adjective
harva (comparative harvempi, superlative harvin)
- infrequent, sparse (far apart in space or time)
- thin (of hair)
- loose (of garment or any grid-like structure)
- (often in the plural) few
- Vain harvat ja valitut kutsutaan näihin juhliin.
- Only select few get the invitation into this party.
- Harvoja poikkeuksia lukuun ottamatta.
- Apart from few exceptions.
- Olen kertonut tästä vain harvoille.
- I have only told a few (people) about this.
Declension
| Inflection of harva (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | harva | harvat | |
| genitive | harvan | harvojen | |
| partitive | harvaa | harvoja | |
| illative | harvaan | harvoihin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | harva | harvat | |
| accusative | nom. | harva | harvat |
| gen. | harvan | ||
| genitive | harvan | harvojen harvainrare | |
| partitive | harvaa | harvoja | |
| inessive | harvassa | harvoissa | |
| elative | harvasta | harvoista | |
| illative | harvaan | harvoihin | |
| adessive | harvalla | harvoilla | |
| ablative | harvalta | harvoilta | |
| allative | harvalle | harvoille | |
| essive | harvana | harvoina | |
| translative | harvaksi | harvoiksi | |
| abessive | harvatta | harvoitta | |
| instructive | — | harvoin | |
| comitative | — | harvoine | |
| Possessive forms of harva (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms
- aniharva
- harvaan
- harvaetuhampaiset
- harvahammas
- harvahampainen
- harvahko
- harvainvalta
- harvajalkainen
- harvakseen
- harvakseltaan
- harvakudontainen
- harvalukuinen
- harvaoksainen
- harvapartainen
- harvapuheinen
- harvapää (“forgetful (head)”)
- harvasanainen
- harvassa
- harvasti
- harvasukasmato
- harvasyinen
- harventaa
- harveta
- harvinainen
- harvoin
- harvuus
References
- Junttila, Santeri, Kallio, Petri, Holopainen, Sampsa, Kuokkala, Juha, Pystynen, Juho, editors (2020–), “harva”, in Suomen vanhimman sanaston etymologinen verkkosanakirja (in Finnish), retrieved 2024-01-01
- Entry #1011 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
Further reading
- “harva”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
Ingrian
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈhɑrʋɑ/, [ˈhɑrʋ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈhɑrʋɑ/, [ˈhɑrʋɑ]
- Rhymes: -ɑrʋ, -ɑrʋɑ
- Hyphenation: har‧va
Declension
| Declension of harva (type 3/kana, no gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | harva | harvat |
| genitive | harvan | harvoin |
| partitive | harvaa | harvoja |
| illative | harvaa | harvoi |
| inessive | harvaas | harvois |
| elative | harvast | harvoist |
| allative | harvalle | harvoille |
| adessive | harvaal | harvoil |
| ablative | harvalt | harvoilt |
| translative | harvaks | harvoiks |
| essive | harvanna, harvaan | harvoinna, harvoin |
| exessive1) | harvant | harvoint |
| 1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. | ||
Derived terms
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 49
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