harper
See also: Harper
English
Etymology
From Middle English harpere, from Old English hearpere (“harpist, harper”), equivalent to harp + -er. Cognate with Middle Low German harpære (“harper”), German Harfer and Harfner (“harper”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈhɑː(ɹ)pə(ɹ)/
Noun
harper (plural harpers)
- A harpist, especially one who plays a traditional harp without pedals.
- 1568, William Cornishe [i.e., William Cornysh], “In the Fleete Made by Me William Cornishe otherwise Called Nyshwhete Chapelman with the Most Famose and Noble Kyng Henry the VII. His Reygne the XIX. Yere the Moneth of July. A Treatise betwene Trouth, and Information.”, in John Skelton, edited by J[ohn] S[tow], Pithy Pleasaunt and Profitable Workes of Maister Skelton, Poete Laureate, Imprinted at London: In Fletestreate, neare vnto St Dunstan-in-the-West by Thomas Marshe, →OCLC; republished as Pithy Pleasaunt and Profitable Workes of Maister Skelton, Poete Laureate to King Henry the VIIIth, London: Printed for C. Davis in Pater-noster Row, 1736, →OCLC, page 290:
- The Harpe. […]
A harper with his wreſt maye tune the harpe wrong
Mys tunying of an Inſtrument ſhal hurt a true ſonge
- (obsolete) An old Irish brass coin bearing the emblem of a harp.
- 1621 August 13 (first performance; Gregorian calendar), Ben Jonson, “The Masque of the Gypsies”, in Q. Horatius Flaccus: His Art of Poetry. […], London: […] J[ohn] Okes, for John Benson […], published 1640, →OCLC:
- the harper that was gathered amongst us to pay the piper
Synonyms
- (one who plays a harp): harp-player, harpist
Derived terms
References
- 2011. You Can Teach Yourself Lever Harp. Laurie Riley, Beth A. Kolle. Page 8.
Danish
French
Etymology
From Old High German harfan.
Pronunciation
- (aspirated h) IPA(key): /aʁ.pe/
Audio (file)
Conjugation
Conjugation of harper (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | harper | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | harpant /aʁ.pɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | harpé /aʁ.pe/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | harpe /aʁp/ |
harpes /aʁp/ |
harpe /aʁp/ |
harpons /aʁ.pɔ̃/ |
harpez /aʁ.pe/ |
harpent /aʁp/ |
imperfect | harpais /aʁ.pɛ/ |
harpais /aʁ.pɛ/ |
harpait /aʁ.pɛ/ |
harpions /aʁ.pjɔ̃/ |
harpiez /aʁ.pje/ |
harpaient /aʁ.pɛ/ | |
past historic2 | harpai /aʁ.pe/ |
harpas /aʁ.pa/ |
harpa /aʁ.pa/ |
harpâmes /aʁ.pam/ |
harpâtes /aʁ.pat/ |
harpèrent /aʁ.pɛʁ/ | |
future | harperai /aʁ.pə.ʁe/ |
harperas /aʁ.pə.ʁa/ |
harpera /aʁ.pə.ʁa/ |
harperons /aʁ.pə.ʁɔ̃/ |
harperez /aʁ.pə.ʁe/ |
harperont /aʁ.pə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | harperais /aʁ.pə.ʁɛ/ |
harperais /aʁ.pə.ʁɛ/ |
harperait /aʁ.pə.ʁɛ/ |
harperions /aʁ.pə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
harperiez /aʁ.pə.ʁje/ |
harperaient /aʁ.pə.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | harpe /aʁp/ |
harpes /aʁp/ |
harpe /aʁp/ |
harpions /aʁ.pjɔ̃/ |
harpiez /aʁ.pje/ |
harpent /aʁp/ |
imperfect2 | harpasse /aʁ.pas/ |
harpasses /aʁ.pas/ |
harpât /aʁ.pa/ |
harpassions /aʁ.pa.sjɔ̃/ |
harpassiez /aʁ.pa.sje/ |
harpassent /aʁ.pas/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | harpe /aʁp/ |
— | harpons /aʁ.pɔ̃/ |
harpez /aʁ.pe/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Further reading
- “harper”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Norwegian Bokmål
Norwegian Nynorsk
Old French
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-ps, *-pt are modified to s, t. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | harper | avoir harpé | |||||
gerund | en harpant | gerund of avoir + past participle | |||||
present participle | harpant | ||||||
past participle | harpé | ||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
simple tenses |
present | harp | harpes | harpe | harpons | harpez | harpent |
imperfect | harpoie, harpeie, harpoe, harpeve | harpoies, harpeies, harpoes, harpeves | harpoit, harpeit, harpot, harpeve | harpiiens, harpiens | harpiiez, harpiez | harpoient, harpeient, harpoent, harpevent | |
preterite | harpai | harpas | harpa | harpames | harpastes | harperent | |
future | harperai | harperas | harpera | harperons | harperoiz, harpereiz, harperez | harperont | |
conditional | harperoie, harpereie | harperoies, harpereies | harperoit, harpereit | harperiiens, harperiens | harperiiez, harperiez | harperoient, harpereient | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | present tense of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | preterite tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
simple tenses |
present | harp | hars | hart | harpons | harpez | harpent |
imperfect | harpasse | harpasses | harpast | harpissons, harpissiens | harpissoiz, harpissez, harpissiez | harpassent | |
compound tenses |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
— | harpe | — | harpons | harpez | — |
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