harceler
French
Etymology
Inherited from Middle French harceller, herseler. Equivalent to an extended form of herser (“to harrow”), from herse.
Pronunciation
- (aspirated h) IPA(key): /aʁ.sə.le/
Audio (file)
Usage notes
The mute (unaspirated) pronunciation is nonstandard but increasingly common, at least in France. See handicapé.
Conjugation
With the exception of appeler, jeter and their derived verbs, all verbs that used to double the consonants can now also be conjugated like amener.
Conjugation of harceler (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | harceler | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | harcelant /aʁ.sə.lɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | harcelé /aʁ.sə.le/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | harcelle or harcèle /aʁ.sɛl/ |
harcelles or harcèles /aʁ.sɛl/ |
harcelle or harcèle /aʁ.sɛl/ |
harcelons /aʁ.sə.lɔ̃/ |
harcelez /aʁ.sə.le/ |
harcellent or harcèlent /aʁ.sɛl/ |
| imperfect | harcelais /aʁ.sə.lɛ/ |
harcelais /aʁ.sə.lɛ/ |
harcelait /aʁ.sə.lɛ/ |
harcelions /aʁ.sə.ljɔ̃/ |
harceliez /aʁ.sə.lje/ |
harcelaient /aʁ.sə.lɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | harcelai /aʁ.sə.le/ |
harcelas /aʁ.sə.la/ |
harcela /aʁ.sə.la/ |
harcelâmes /aʁ.sə.lam/ |
harcelâtes /aʁ.sə.lat/ |
harcelèrent /aʁ.sə.lɛʁ/ | |
| future | harcellerai or harcèlerai /aʁ.sɛl.ʁe/ |
harcelleras or harcèleras /aʁ.sɛl.ʁa/ |
harcellera or harcèlera /aʁ.sɛl.ʁa/ |
harcellerons or harcèlerons /aʁ.sɛl.ʁɔ̃/ |
harcellerez or harcèlerez /aʁ.sɛl.ʁe/ |
harcelleront or harcèleront /aʁ.sɛl.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | harcellerais or harcèlerais /aʁ.sɛl.ʁɛ/ |
harcellerais or harcèlerais /aʁ.sɛl.ʁɛ/ |
harcellerait or harcèlerait /aʁ.sɛl.ʁɛ/ |
harcellerions or harcèlerions /aʁ.sɛ.lə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /aʁ.se.lə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
harcelleriez or harcèleriez /aʁ.sɛ.lə.ʁje/ or /aʁ.se.lə.ʁje/ |
harcelleraient or harcèleraient /aʁ.sɛl.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | harcelle or harcèle /aʁ.sɛl/ |
harcelles or harcèles /aʁ.sɛl/ |
harcelle or harcèle /aʁ.sɛl/ |
harcelions /aʁ.sə.ljɔ̃/ |
harceliez /aʁ.sə.lje/ |
harcellent or harcèlent /aʁ.sɛl/ |
| imperfect2 | harcelasse /aʁ.sə.las/ |
harcelasses /aʁ.sə.las/ |
harcelât /aʁ.sə.la/ |
harcelassions /aʁ.sə.la.sjɔ̃/ |
harcelassiez /aʁ.sə.la.sje/ |
harcelassent /aʁ.sə.las/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | harcelle or harcèle /aʁ.sɛl/ |
— | harcelons /aʁ.sə.lɔ̃/ |
harcelez /aʁ.sə.le/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
Further reading
- “harceler”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
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