grym

Swedish
FWOTD – 3 January 2016

Etymology

From Old Swedish grymber, from Old Norse grimmr, from Proto-Germanic *grimmaz.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ɡrʏmː/
  • Audio(file)

Adjective

grym (comparative grymmare, superlative grymmast)

  1. cruel
    en grym diktator
    a cruel dictator
    grym behandling
    cruel treatment
    Vad säger grisen om djurplågeri? Grymt!
    What does the pig say about animal cruelty? Cruel! / Grunt! (pun – "Grymt" can be thought of as short for "Det är grymt" (It is cruel), hence the neuter)
  2. (colloquial) great, awesome
    en grym film
    a great movie (or a cruel movie)
    Han är grym på bordtennis
    He's great at table tennis
    – Jag lyckades fixa datorn. – Grymt!
    – I managed to fix the computer. – Awesome!
    • 2004, Magnus Uggla, song lyrics
      Hon är grejen, värsta grymma tjejen
      She's the thing, the best awesome gal
  3. (colloquial, in adverbial usage) terribly, very (as an intensifier)
    Jag blev grymt besviken
    I was terribly disappointed
    De spelar grymt bra!
    They're playing really great!

Declension
Inflection of grym
Indefinite Positive Comparative Superlative2
Common singular grym grymmare grymmast
Neuter singular grymt grymmare grymmast
Plural grymma grymmare grymmast
Masculine plural3 grymme grymmare grymmast
Definite Positive Comparative Superlative
Masculine singular1 grymme grymmare grymmaste
All grymma grymmare grymmaste
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.
2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
3) Dated or archaic

References

Welsh

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *grendsmu, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰredʰ-.[1] Cognate with Latin gradus (“step”).

Pronunciation

Noun

grym m (plural grymoedd)

  1. power, might, force
    Synonyms: nerth, gallu, cryfder, cadernid

Derived terms
  • grymedd (“stress”)
  • grymus (“mighty, powerful”)
  • mewn grym (“in power, in force, operative”)

Mutation
Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
grym rym ngrym unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
  1. R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “grym”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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