grincer

French

Etymology

From earlier grigner, originally from Old High German grînan.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ɡʁɛ̃.se/
  • Audio(file)

Verb

grincer

  1. to squeak (emit sound)
  2. to creak, rasp, squeal
  3. (of teeth) to gnash
  4. (of birds) to squawk

Conjugation

This verb is part of a group of -er verbs for which 'c' is softened to a 'ç' before the vowels 'a' and 'o'.

Conjugation of grincer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple grincer
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple grinçant
/ɡʁɛ̃.sɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle grincé
/ɡʁɛ̃.se/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses)		 present grince
/ɡʁɛ̃s/		 grinces
/ɡʁɛ̃s/		 grince
/ɡʁɛ̃s/		 grinçons
/ɡʁɛ̃.sɔ̃/		 grincez
/ɡʁɛ̃.se/		 grincent
/ɡʁɛ̃s/
imperfect grinçais
/ɡʁɛ̃.sɛ/		 grinçais
/ɡʁɛ̃.sɛ/		 grinçait
/ɡʁɛ̃.sɛ/		 grincions
/ɡʁɛ̃.sjɔ̃/		 grinciez
/ɡʁɛ̃.sje/		 grinçaient
/ɡʁɛ̃.sɛ/
past historic2 grinçai
/ɡʁɛ̃.se/		 grinças
/ɡʁɛ̃.sa/		 grinça
/ɡʁɛ̃.sa/		 grinçâmes
/ɡʁɛ̃.sam/		 grinçâtes
/ɡʁɛ̃.sat/		 grincèrent
/ɡʁɛ̃.sɛʁ/
future grincerai
/ɡʁɛ̃.sʁe/		 grinceras
/ɡʁɛ̃.sʁa/		 grincera
/ɡʁɛ̃.sʁa/		 grincerons
/ɡʁɛ̃.sʁɔ̃/		 grincerez
/ɡʁɛ̃.sʁe/		 grinceront
/ɡʁɛ̃.sʁɔ̃/
conditional grincerais
/ɡʁɛ̃.sʁɛ/		 grincerais
/ɡʁɛ̃.sʁɛ/		 grincerait
/ɡʁɛ̃.sʁɛ/		 grincerions
/ɡʁɛ̃.sə.ʁjɔ̃/		 grinceriez
/ɡʁɛ̃.sə.ʁje/		 grinceraient
/ɡʁɛ̃.sʁɛ/
(compound
tenses)		 present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses)		 present grince
/ɡʁɛ̃s/		 grinces
/ɡʁɛ̃s/		 grince
/ɡʁɛ̃s/		 grincions
/ɡʁɛ̃.sjɔ̃/		 grinciez
/ɡʁɛ̃.sje/		 grincent
/ɡʁɛ̃s/
imperfect2 grinçasse
/ɡʁɛ̃.sas/		 grinçasses
/ɡʁɛ̃.sas/		 grinçât
/ɡʁɛ̃.sa/		 grinçassions
/ɡʁɛ̃.sa.sjɔ̃/		 grinçassiez
/ɡʁɛ̃.sa.sje/		 grinçassent
/ɡʁɛ̃.sas/
(compound
tenses)		 past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — grince
/ɡʁɛ̃s/		 — grinçons
/ɡʁɛ̃.sɔ̃/		 grincez
/ɡʁɛ̃.se/		 —
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

Further reading
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