gouger

English

Etymology

gouge +‎ -er

Pronunciation

Noun

gouger (plural gougers)

  1. Someone who gouges.
  2. (Ireland, slang) A thug or lout.

Derived terms

French

Etymology

From gouge.

Pronunciation

Verb

gouger

  1. (transitive) to work (a material) with a gouge
  2. (transitive) to do (a soldered joint) again to eliminate roughness by deepening it

Conjugation

This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written gouge- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling-change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.

Conjugation of gouger (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple gouger
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple gougeant
/ɡu.ʒɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle gougé
/ɡu.ʒe/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses)		 present gouge
/ɡuʒ/		 gouges
/ɡuʒ/		 gouge
/ɡuʒ/		 gougeons
/ɡu.ʒɔ̃/		 gougez
/ɡu.ʒe/		 gougent
/ɡuʒ/
imperfect gougeais
/ɡu.ʒɛ/		 gougeais
/ɡu.ʒɛ/		 gougeait
/ɡu.ʒɛ/		 gougions
/ɡu.ʒjɔ̃/		 gougiez
/ɡu.ʒje/		 gougeaient
/ɡu.ʒɛ/
past historic2 gougeai
/ɡu.ʒe/		 gougeas
/ɡu.ʒa/		 gougea
/ɡu.ʒa/		 gougeâmes
/ɡu.ʒam/		 gougeâtes
/ɡu.ʒat/		 gougèrent
/ɡu.ʒɛʁ/
future gougerai
/ɡuʒ.ʁe/		 gougeras
/ɡuʒ.ʁa/		 gougera
/ɡuʒ.ʁa/		 gougerons
/ɡuʒ.ʁɔ̃/		 gougerez
/ɡuʒ.ʁe/		 gougeront
/ɡuʒ.ʁɔ̃/
conditional gougerais
/ɡuʒ.ʁɛ/		 gougerais
/ɡuʒ.ʁɛ/		 gougerait
/ɡuʒ.ʁɛ/		 gougerions
/ɡu.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/		 gougeriez
/ɡu.ʒə.ʁje/		 gougeraient
/ɡuʒ.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses)		 present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses)		 present gouge
/ɡuʒ/		 gouges
/ɡuʒ/		 gouge
/ɡuʒ/		 gougions
/ɡu.ʒjɔ̃/		 gougiez
/ɡu.ʒje/		 gougent
/ɡuʒ/
imperfect2 gougeasse
/ɡu.ʒas/		 gougeasses
/ɡu.ʒas/		 gougeât
/ɡu.ʒa/		 gougeassions
/ɡu.ʒa.sjɔ̃/		 gougeassiez
/ɡu.ʒa.sje/		 gougeassent
/ɡu.ʒas/
(compound
tenses)		 past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — gouge
/ɡuʒ/		 — gougeons
/ɡu.ʒɔ̃/		 gougez
/ɡu.ʒe/		 —
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

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