gerezd
Hungarian
Etymology
First attested in 1395. Borrowed from a South Slavic language. Compare Bulgarian грозд (grozd, “bunch of grapes”), dialectal Bulgarian грезд (grezd, “spigot”), Serbo-Croatian grozd (“[bunch of] grapes”), Slovene grȍzd (“id.”), Old Church Slavonic гроздъ (grozdŭ, “id.”).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈɡɛrɛzd]
- Hyphenation: ge‧rezd
- Rhymes: -ɛzd
Noun
gerezd (plural gerezdek)
- clove (any one of the separate bulbs that make up the larger bulb of garlic)
- Synonym: fokhagymagerezd
- segment, wedge, slice (of lemon, walnut, orange, or mandarin orange, also: a segment cut from another fruit like apple or melon, or some other round food like potato or cheese)
- (dialectal, literary) a bunch of grapes
- (attributively) as big as a clove, segment, or wedge
- Synonym: gerezdnyi
Declension
| Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | gerezd | gerezdek |
| accusative | gerezdet | gerezdeket |
| dative | gerezdnek | gerezdeknek |
| instrumental | gerezddel | gerezdekkel |
| causal-final | gerezdért | gerezdekért |
| translative | gerezddé | gerezdekké |
| terminative | gerezdig | gerezdekig |
| essive-formal | gerezdként | gerezdekként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | gerezdben | gerezdekben |
| superessive | gerezden | gerezdeken |
| adessive | gerezdnél | gerezdeknél |
| illative | gerezdbe | gerezdekbe |
| sublative | gerezdre | gerezdekre |
| allative | gerezdhez | gerezdekhez |
| elative | gerezdből | gerezdekből |
| delative | gerezdről | gerezdekről |
| ablative | gerezdtől | gerezdektől |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
gerezdé | gerezdeké |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
gerezdéi | gerezdekéi |
| Possessive forms of gerezd | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
| 1st person sing. | gerezdem | gerezdjeim |
| 2nd person sing. | gerezded | gerezdjeid |
| 3rd person sing. | gerezdje | gerezdjei |
| 1st person plural | gerezdünk | gerezdjeink |
| 2nd person plural | gerezdetek | gerezdjeitek |
| 3rd person plural | gerezdjük | gerezdjeik |
Derived terms
- gerezdes
- gerezdnyi
Compound words
- almagerezd
- burgonyagerezd
- citromgerezd
- dinnyegerezd
- diógerezd
- fokhagymagerezd
- mandaringerezd
- narancsgerezd
- sajtgerezd
- szőlőgerezd
References
- gerezd in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
- gerezd in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
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