estamper
French
Alternative forms
- étamper
Etymology
Inherited from Middle French estamper, stamper, étamper, from Old French estamper (“to crush”), from Frankish *stampôn (“to crush”) or Old High German stampfōn (modern German stampfen), from Proto-West Germanic *stampōn, from Proto-Germanic *stampōną, from Proto-Indo-European *stembʰ- (“to trample down”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɛs.tɑ̃.pe/
Audio (file)
Conjugation
Conjugation of estamper (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | estamper | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | estampant /ɛs.tɑ̃.pɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | estampé /ɛs.tɑ̃.pe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | estampe /ɛs.tɑ̃p/ |
estampes /ɛs.tɑ̃p/ |
estampe /ɛs.tɑ̃p/ |
estampons /ɛs.tɑ̃.pɔ̃/ |
estampez /ɛs.tɑ̃.pe/ |
estampent /ɛs.tɑ̃p/ |
| imperfect | estampais /ɛs.tɑ̃.pɛ/ |
estampais /ɛs.tɑ̃.pɛ/ |
estampait /ɛs.tɑ̃.pɛ/ |
estampions /ɛs.tɑ̃.pjɔ̃/ |
estampiez /ɛs.tɑ̃.pje/ |
estampaient /ɛs.tɑ̃.pɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | estampai /ɛs.tɑ̃.pe/ |
estampas /ɛs.tɑ̃.pa/ |
estampa /ɛs.tɑ̃.pa/ |
estampâmes /ɛs.tɑ̃.pam/ |
estampâtes /ɛs.tɑ̃.pat/ |
estampèrent /ɛs.tɑ̃.pɛʁ/ | |
| future | estamperai /ɛs.tɑ̃.pʁe/ |
estamperas /ɛs.tɑ̃.pʁa/ |
estampera /ɛs.tɑ̃.pʁa/ |
estamperons /ɛs.tɑ̃.pʁɔ̃/ |
estamperez /ɛs.tɑ̃.pʁe/ |
estamperont /ɛs.tɑ̃.pʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | estamperais /ɛs.tɑ̃.pʁɛ/ |
estamperais /ɛs.tɑ̃.pʁɛ/ |
estamperait /ɛs.tɑ̃.pʁɛ/ |
estamperions /ɛs.tɑ̃.pə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
estamperiez /ɛs.tɑ̃.pə.ʁje/ |
estamperaient /ɛs.tɑ̃.pʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | estampe /ɛs.tɑ̃p/ |
estampes /ɛs.tɑ̃p/ |
estampe /ɛs.tɑ̃p/ |
estampions /ɛs.tɑ̃.pjɔ̃/ |
estampiez /ɛs.tɑ̃.pje/ |
estampent /ɛs.tɑ̃p/ |
| imperfect2 | estampasse /ɛs.tɑ̃.pas/ |
estampasses /ɛs.tɑ̃.pas/ |
estampât /ɛs.tɑ̃.pa/ |
estampassions /ɛs.tɑ̃.pa.sjɔ̃/ |
estampassiez /ɛs.tɑ̃.pa.sje/ |
estampassent /ɛs.tɑ̃.pas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | estampe /ɛs.tɑ̃p/ |
— | estampons /ɛs.tɑ̃.pɔ̃/ |
estampez /ɛs.tɑ̃.pe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Descendants
- Spanish: estampar
References
- Brosman, Paul (1999): The Rhine Franconian Element in Old French, p51
- Skeat, Walter (2005): An Etymological Dictionary of the English Language, p. 759
Further reading
- “estamper”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
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