ephod

From Biblical Hebrew אֵפֹד (ʼēp̄ōḏ).

• IPA^(key): /ˈiː.fɒd/, /ˈɛ.fɒd/

ephod (plural ephods)

1. (biblical, Judaism) A priestly apron, or breastplate, described in the Bible in Exodus 28: vi–xxx, which only the chief priest of ancient Israel was allowed to wear.
   • 1769, Oxford Standard text, Bible (King James): Exodus, 28, vi-viii,

     And they shall make the ephod of gold, of blue, and of purple, of scarlet, and fine twined linen, with cunning work.

     It shall have the two shoulderpieces thereof joined at the two edges thereof; and so it shall be joined together.

     And the curious girdle of the ephod, which is upon it, shall be of the same, according to the work thereof; even of gold, of blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen.

   • 1769, Oxford Standard text, Bible (King James): Hosea, 3, iv,

     For the children of Israel shall abide many days without a king, and without a prince, and without a sacrifice, and without an image, and without an ephod, and without teraphim:

   • 1913, “Urim and Thummim”, in Catholic Encyclopedia:

     From this it appears that at least towards the close of the Exile, the Urim and Thummim were considered as something distinct from the ephod of the high priest and the gems with which it was adorned.

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