dmḏj

Egyptian

Pronunciation
 
  • (verb as a strong triliteral verb): (reconstructed) IPA(key): /ˈtʼaːmacʼ/ → /ˈtʼaːmatʼ/ → /ˈtʼaːmətʼ/ → /ˈtʼoːmətʼ/
 
  • (verb as a fourth weak verb): (reconstructed) IPA(key): /ˈtʼimcʼit/ → /ˈtʼimtʼiʔ/ → /ˈtʼemtʼa/ → /ˈtʼemtʼə/

Verb
dmD
Y1

 4ae inf. or 3-lit.

  1. (transitive) to join together, to assemble
    • 2nd Dynasty, c. 2690 BCE, Abydos, Tomb of Peribsen, Part of a jar-seal of dull grey clay with a seal-impression of Peribsen (British Museum EA35594), combined lower and upper impressions:[1]
      sDAx t
      nb      		 [[n]]bt
      nbw      		 nibnbwdDn
      f      		 N17
      N17
      n      		 zA
      f      		 sw
      t      		 bit
      t      		 pr
      ib      		 sn
      sḏꜣ ḫt nb(t) nbwt nbwj d(m)ḏ.n.f tꜣwj n zꜣ.f nswt-bjtj pr-jb.sn
      Cylinder seal of all golden things. The Golden One (Set), he has united the Two Lands (Egypt) for his son, the Dual King Peribsen.
    • c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE, Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) line 7:
      tA
      tA
      dmD      		 Hr
      Z1      		 r
      t
      a
      n
      f      		 iAA30mU35wHmZ1
      f
      tꜣwj dmḏ ḥr rdjt n.f jꜣw m ḫsfw ḥm.f
      The assembled Two Lands (Egypt) are giving him praise at the approach of his majesty.

Inflection

While this verb is often considered a strong triliteral verb dmḏ, other Egyptologists, following Sethe and Edel, instead interpret it as a fourth weak verb dmḏj.

Conjugation of dmḏj (fourth weak / 4ae inf. / IV. inf.) — base stem: dmḏ
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
dmḏt, dmḏj
 dmḏw, dmḏyw, dmḏ
 dmḏt, dmḏwt, dmḏyt
 dmḏ
 dmḏ, dmḏy
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
dmḏ8
 ḥr dmḏt, ḥr dmḏj
 m dmḏt, ḥr dmḏj
 r dmḏt, ḥr dmḏj
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active passive contingent
aspect / mood active passive
perfect dmḏ.n
 dmḏw, dmḏ, dmḏy
 consecutive dmḏ.jn
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative dmḏt
perfective3 dmḏ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 obligative1 dmḏ.ḫr
 active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective dmḏ, dmḏy
 active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3 dmḏw, dmḏ, dmḏy
 dmḏ
 potentialis1 dmḏ.kꜣ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive dmḏ, dmḏy
 active + .tj1, .tw2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active passive active passive
perfect dmḏ.n
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 — —
perfective dmḏw1, dmḏy, dmḏ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 dmḏ
 dmḏy, dmḏ
imperfective dmḏ, dmḏy, dmḏw5
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 dmḏ, dmḏj6, dmḏy6
 dmḏ, dmḏw5
prospective dmḏw1, dmḏy, dmḏ, dmḏtj7
 — dmḏwtj1 4, dmḏtj4, dmḏt4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.
  8. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.
Conjugation of dmḏ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: dmḏ, geminated stem: dmḏḏ
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
dmḏ
 dmḏw, dmḏ
 dmḏt
 dmḏ
 dmḏ
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
dmḏ
 ḥr dmḏ
 m dmḏ
 r dmḏ
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active passive contingent
aspect / mood active passive
perfect dmḏ.n
 dmḏw, dmḏ
 consecutive dmḏ.jn
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative dmḏt
perfective3 dmḏ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 obligative1 dmḏ.ḫr
 active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective dmḏ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3 dmḏ
 dmḏḏ
 potentialis1 dmḏ.kꜣ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive dmḏ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active passive active passive
perfect dmḏ.n
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 — —
perfective dmḏ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 dmḏ
 dmḏ, dmḏw5, dmḏy5
imperfective dmḏ, dmḏy, dmḏw5
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 dmḏ, dmḏj6, dmḏy6
 dmḏ, dmḏw5
prospective dmḏ, dmḏtj7
 — dmḏtj4, dmḏt4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular.
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of dmḏj  
dmDd
Y1
d
dmD		 md
Y1
dmdj dmdj

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Coptic: ⲧⲱⲙⲧ (tōmt)

References
  • James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, § 313, page 220.
  • Allen, James Peter (1984) The Inflection of the Verb in the Pyramid Texts, Malibu, California: Undena Publications, →ISBN, § 736, page 566
  1. Kaplony, Peter (1964) Die Inschriften der Ägyptischen Frühzeit, volume III, plate 95, Ab 368
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