desmayar

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Old French esmaier (“to perturb”), from Latin *magāre, from Frankish *magan, from Proto-Germanic *maganą. Cognate with English dismay although a false friend. Compare Portuguese desmaiar.

Pronunciation
 
  • IPA(key): (everywhere but Argentina and Uruguay) /desmaˈʝaɾ/ [d̪ez.maˈʝaɾ]
  • IPA(key): (Buenos Aires and environs) /desmaˈʃaɾ/ [d̪ez.maˈʃaɾ]
  • IPA(key): (elsewhere in Argentina and Uruguay) /desmaˈʒaɾ/ [d̪ez.maˈʒaɾ]

  • Rhymes: -aɾ
  • Syllabification: des‧ma‧yar

Verb

desmayar (first-person singular present desmayo, first-person singular preterite desmayé, past participle desmayado)

  1. (transitive) to cause a person to faint
  2. (intransitive, figurative) to dishearten
    • 1877, Benito Pérez Galdós, Gloria:
      Jamás desmayó en sus deberes de católico: jamás se dejó llevar a extremos de sutilezas y enrevesados simbolismos.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  3. (takes a reflexive pronoun) to faint (lose consciousness)

Usage notes
  • Desmayar is a false friend, and does not mean dismay. Spanish equivalents are shown in the "Translations" section of the English entry dismay.

Conjugation
    Conjugation of desmayar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive desmayar
gerund desmayando
past participle masculine feminine
singular desmayado desmayada
plural desmayados desmayadas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present desmayo desmayastú
desmayásvos		 desmaya desmayamos desmayáis desmayan
imperfect desmayaba desmayabas desmayaba desmayábamos desmayabais desmayaban
preterite desmayé desmayaste desmayó desmayamos desmayasteis desmayaron
future desmayaré desmayarás desmayará desmayaremos desmayaréis desmayarán
conditional desmayaría desmayarías desmayaría desmayaríamos desmayaríais desmayarían
subjunctive yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present desmaye desmayestú
desmayésvos2		 desmaye desmayemos desmayéis desmayen
imperfect
(ra)		 desmayara desmayaras desmayara desmayáramos desmayarais desmayaran
imperfect
(se)		 desmayase desmayases desmayase desmayásemos desmayaseis desmayasen
future1 desmayare desmayares desmayare desmayáremos desmayareis desmayaren
imperative — tú
vos		 usted nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ustedes
affirmative desmayatú
desmayávos		 desmaye desmayemos desmayad desmayen
negative no desmayes no desmaye no desmayemos no desmayéis no desmayen

1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of desmayar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
with infinitive desmayar
dative desmayarme desmayarte desmayarle, desmayarse desmayarnos desmayaros desmayarles, desmayarse
accusative desmayarme desmayarte desmayarlo, desmayarla, desmayarse desmayarnos desmayaros desmayarlos, desmayarlas, desmayarse
with gerund desmayando
dative desmayándome desmayándote desmayándole, desmayándose desmayándonos desmayándoos desmayándoles, desmayándose
accusative desmayándome desmayándote desmayándolo, desmayándola, desmayándose desmayándonos desmayándoos desmayándolos, desmayándolas, desmayándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative desmaya
dative desmáyame desmáyate desmáyale desmáyanos not used desmáyales
accusative desmáyame desmáyate desmáyalo, desmáyala desmáyanos not used desmáyalos, desmáyalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative desmayá
dative desmayame desmayate desmayale desmayanos not used desmayales
accusative desmayame desmayate desmayalo, desmayala desmayanos not used desmayalos, desmayalas
with formal second-person singular imperative desmaye
dative desmáyeme not used desmáyele, desmáyese desmáyenos not used desmáyeles
accusative desmáyeme not used desmáyelo, desmáyela, desmáyese desmáyenos not used desmáyelos, desmáyelas
with first-person plural imperative desmayemos
dative not used desmayémoste desmayémosle desmayémonos desmayémoos desmayémosles
accusative not used desmayémoste desmayémoslo, desmayémosla desmayémonos desmayémoos desmayémoslos, desmayémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative desmayad
dative desmayadme not used desmayadle desmayadnos desmayaos desmayadles
accusative desmayadme not used desmayadlo, desmayadla desmayadnos desmayaos desmayadlos, desmayadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative desmayen
dative desmáyenme not used desmáyenle desmáyennos not used desmáyenles, desmáyense
accusative desmáyenme not used desmáyenlo, desmáyenla desmáyennos not used desmáyenlos, desmáyenlas, desmáyense

Further reading
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.