cula
French
Indonesian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /t͡ʃu.la/
- Hyphenation: cu‧la
Further reading
- “cula” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Sicilian
Slovene
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /t͡sùːla/
Inflection
Feminine, a-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
nom. sing. | cúla | ||
gen. sing. | cúle | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative (imenovȃlnik) |
cúla | cúli | cúle |
genitive (rodȋlnik) |
cúle | cúl | cúl |
dative (dajȃlnik) |
cúli | cúlama | cúlam |
accusative (tožȋlnik) |
cúlo | cúli | cúle |
locative (mẹ̑stnik) |
cúli | cúlah | cúlah |
instrumental (orọ̑dnik) |
cúlo | cúlama | cúlami |
Xhosa
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Zulu
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Inflection
Tone L | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | ukucula | ||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
Infinitive | ukucula | ukungaculi | |||||||
Imperative | |||||||||
Simple | + object concord | ||||||||
Singular | cula | -cule | |||||||
Plural | culani | -culeni | |||||||
Present | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyacula, ngicula | engiculayo, engicula | ngicula | angiculi | engingaculi | ngingaculi | |||
2nd singular | uyacula, ucula | oculayo, ocula | ucula | awuculi | ongaculi | ungaculi | |||
1st plural | siyacula, sicula | esiculayo, esicula | sicula | asiculi | esingaculi | singaculi | |||
2nd plural | niyacula, nicula | eniculayo, enicula | nicula | aniculi | eningaculi | ningaculi | |||
Class 1 | uyacula, ucula | oculayo, ocula | ecula | akaculi | ongaculi | engaculi | |||
Class 2 | bayacula, bacula | abaculayo, abacula | becula | abaculi | abangaculi | bengaculi | |||
Class 3 | uyacula, ucula | oculayo, ocula | ucula | awuculi | ongaculi | ungaculi | |||
Class 4 | iyacula, icula | eculayo, ecula | icula | ayiculi | engaculi | ingaculi | |||
Class 5 | liyacula, licula | eliculayo, elicula | licula | aliculi | elingaculi | lingaculi | |||
Class 6 | ayacula, acula | aculayo, acula | ecula | awaculi | angaculi | engaculi | |||
Class 7 | siyacula, sicula | esiculayo, esicula | sicula | asiculi | esingaculi | singaculi | |||
Class 8 | ziyacula, zicula | eziculayo, ezicula | zicula | aziculi | ezingaculi | zingaculi | |||
Class 9 | iyacula, icula | eculayo, ecula | icula | ayiculi | engaculi | ingaculi | |||
Class 10 | ziyacula, zicula | eziculayo, ezicula | zicula | aziculi | ezingaculi | zingaculi | |||
Class 11 | luyacula, lucula | oluculayo, olucula | lucula | aluculi | olungaculi | lungaculi | |||
Class 14 | buyacula, bucula | obuculayo, obucula | bucula | abuculi | obungaculi | bungaculi | |||
Class 15 | kuyacula, kucula | okuculayo, okucula | kucula | akuculi | okungaculi | kungaculi | |||
Class 17 | kuyacula, kucula | okuculayo, okucula | kucula | akuculi | okungaculi | kungaculi | |||
Recent past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiculile, ngiculē | engiculile, engiculē | ngiculile, ngiculē | angiculanga | engingaculanga | ngingaculanga | |||
2nd singular | uculile, uculē | oculile, oculē | uculile, uculē | awuculanga | ongaculanga | ungaculanga | |||
1st plural | siculile, siculē | esiculile, esiculē | siculile, siculē | asiculanga | esingaculanga | singaculanga | |||
2nd plural | niculile, niculē | eniculile, eniculē | niculile, niculē | aniculanga | eningaculanga | ningaculanga | |||
Class 1 | uculile, uculē | oculile, oculē | eculile, eculē | akaculanga | ongaculanga | engaculanga | |||
Class 2 | baculile, baculē | abaculile, abaculē | beculile, beculē | abaculanga | abangaculanga | bengaculanga | |||
Class 3 | uculile, uculē | oculile, oculē | uculile, uculē | awuculanga | ongaculanga | ungaculanga | |||
Class 4 | iculile, iculē | eculile, eculē | iculile, iculē | ayiculanga | engaculanga | ingaculanga | |||
Class 5 | liculile, liculē | eliculile, eliculē | liculile, liculē | aliculanga | elingaculanga | lingaculanga | |||
Class 6 | aculile, aculē | aculile, aculē | eculile, eculē | awaculanga | angaculanga | engaculanga | |||
Class 7 | siculile, siculē | esiculile, esiculē | siculile, siculē | asiculanga | esingaculanga | singaculanga | |||
Class 8 | ziculile, ziculē | eziculile, eziculē | ziculile, ziculē | aziculanga | ezingaculanga | zingaculanga | |||
Class 9 | iculile, iculē | eculile, eculē | iculile, iculē | ayiculanga | engaculanga | ingaculanga | |||
Class 10 | ziculile, ziculē | eziculile, eziculē | ziculile, ziculē | aziculanga | ezingaculanga | zingaculanga | |||
Class 11 | luculile, luculē | oluculile, oluculē | luculile, luculē | aluculanga | olungaculanga | lungaculanga | |||
Class 14 | buculile, buculē | obuculile, obuculē | buculile, buculē | abuculanga | obungaculanga | bungaculanga | |||
Class 15 | kuculile, kuculē | okuculile, okuculē | kuculile, kuculē | akuculanga | okungaculanga | kungaculanga | |||
Class 17 | kuculile, kuculē | okuculile, okuculē | kuculile, kuculē | akuculanga | okungaculanga | kungaculanga | |||
Remote past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngācula | engācula | ngācula | angiculanga | engingaculanga | ngingaculanga | |||
2nd singular | wācula | owācula | wācula | awuculanga | ongaculanga | ungaculanga | |||
1st plural | sācula | esācula | sācula | asiculanga | esingaculanga | singaculanga | |||
2nd plural | nācula | enācula | nācula | aniculanga | eningaculanga | ningaculanga | |||
Class 1 | wācula | owācula | ācula | akaculanga | ongaculanga | engaculanga | |||
Class 2 | bācula | abācula | bācula | abaculanga | abangaculanga | bengaculanga | |||
Class 3 | wācula | owācula | wācula | awuculanga | ongaculanga | ungaculanga | |||
Class 4 | yācula | eyācula | yācula | ayiculanga | engaculanga | ingaculanga | |||
Class 5 | lācula | elācula | lācula | aliculanga | elingaculanga | lingaculanga | |||
Class 6 | ācula | ācula | ācula | awaculanga | angaculanga | engaculanga | |||
Class 7 | sācula | esācula | sācula | asiculanga | esingaculanga | singaculanga | |||
Class 8 | zācula | ezācula | zācula | aziculanga | ezingaculanga | zingaculanga | |||
Class 9 | yācula | eyācula | yācula | ayiculanga | engaculanga | ingaculanga | |||
Class 10 | zācula | ezācula | zācula | aziculanga | ezingaculanga | zingaculanga | |||
Class 11 | lwācula | olwācula | lwācula | aluculanga | olungaculanga | lungaculanga | |||
Class 14 | bācula | obācula | bācula | abuculanga | obungaculanga | bungaculanga | |||
Class 15 | kwācula | okwācula | kwācula | akuculanga | okungaculanga | kungaculanga | |||
Class 17 | kwācula | okwācula | kwācula | akuculanga | okungaculanga | kungaculanga | |||
Potential | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngingacula | — | ngingacula | ngingecule | — | ngingecule | |||
2nd singular | ungacula | — | ungacula | ungecule | — | ungecule | |||
1st plural | singacula | — | singacula | singecule | — | singecule | |||
2nd plural | ningacula | — | ningacula | ningecule | — | ningecule | |||
Class 1 | angacula | — | engacula | angecule | — | engecule | |||
Class 2 | bangacula | — | bengacula | bangecule | — | bengecule | |||
Class 3 | ungacula | — | ungacula | ungecule | — | ungecule | |||
Class 4 | ingacula | — | ingacula | ingecule | — | ingecule | |||
Class 5 | lingacula | — | lingacula | lingecule | — | lingecule | |||
Class 6 | angacula | — | engacula | angecule | — | engecule | |||
Class 7 | singacula | — | singacula | singecule | — | singecule | |||
Class 8 | zingacula | — | zingacula | zingecule | — | zingecule | |||
Class 9 | ingacula | — | ingacula | ingecule | — | ingecule | |||
Class 10 | zingacula | — | zingacula | zingecule | — | zingecule | |||
Class 11 | lungacula | — | lungacula | lungecule | — | lungecule | |||
Class 14 | bungacula | — | bungacula | bungecule | — | bungecule | |||
Class 15 | kungacula | — | kungacula | kungecule | — | kungecule | |||
Class 17 | kungacula | — | kungacula | kungecule | — | kungecule | |||
Immediate future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngizocula | engizocula | ngizocula | angizucula | engingezucula | ngingezucula | |||
2nd singular | uzocula | ozocula | uzocula | awuzucula | ongezucula | ungezucula | |||
1st plural | sizocula | esizocula | sizocula | asizucula | esingezucula | singezucula | |||
2nd plural | nizocula | enizocula | nizocula | anizucula | eningezucula | ningezucula | |||
Class 1 | uzocula | ozocula | ezocula | akazucula | ongezucula | engezucula | |||
Class 2 | bazocula | abazocula | bezocula | abazucula | abangezucula | bengezucula | |||
Class 3 | uzocula | ozocula | uzocula | awuzucula | ongezucula | ungezucula | |||
Class 4 | izocula | ezocula | izocula | ayizucula | engezucula | ingezucula | |||
Class 5 | lizocula | elizocula | lizocula | alizucula | elingezucula | lingezucula | |||
Class 6 | azocula | azocula | ezocula | awazucula | angezucula | engezucula | |||
Class 7 | sizocula | esizocula | sizocula | asizucula | esingezucula | singezucula | |||
Class 8 | zizocula | ezizocula | zizocula | azizucula | ezingezucula | zingezucula | |||
Class 9 | izocula | ezocula | izocula | ayizucula | engezucula | ingezucula | |||
Class 10 | zizocula | ezizocula | zizocula | azizucula | ezingezucula | zingezucula | |||
Class 11 | luzocula | oluzocula | luzocula | aluzucula | olungezucula | lungezucula | |||
Class 14 | buzocula | obuzocula | buzocula | abuzucula | obungezucula | bungezucula | |||
Class 15 | kuzocula | okuzocula | kuzocula | akuzucula | okungezucula | kungezucula | |||
Class 17 | kuzocula | okuzocula | kuzocula | akuzucula | okungezucula | kungezucula | |||
Remote future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyocula | engiyocula | ngiyocula | angiyucula | engingeyucula | ngingeyucula | |||
2nd singular | uyocula | oyocula | uyocula | awuyucula | ongeyucula | ungeyucula | |||
1st plural | siyocula | esiyocula | siyocula | asiyucula | esingeyucula | singeyucula | |||
2nd plural | niyocula | eniyocula | niyocula | aniyucula | eningeyucula | ningeyucula | |||
Class 1 | uyocula | oyocula | eyocula | akayucula | ongeyucula | engeyucula | |||
Class 2 | bayocula | abayocula | beyocula | abayucula | abangeyucula | bengeyucula | |||
Class 3 | uyocula | oyocula | uyocula | awuyucula | ongeyucula | ungeyucula | |||
Class 4 | iyocula | eyocula | iyocula | ayiyucula | engeyucula | ingeyucula | |||
Class 5 | liyocula | eliyocula | liyocula | aliyucula | elingeyucula | lingeyucula | |||
Class 6 | ayocula | ayocula | eyocula | awayucula | angeyucula | engeyucula | |||
Class 7 | siyocula | esiyocula | siyocula | asiyucula | esingeyucula | singeyucula | |||
Class 8 | ziyocula | eziyocula | ziyocula | aziyucula | ezingeyucula | zingeyucula | |||
Class 9 | iyocula | eyocula | iyocula | ayiyucula | engeyucula | ingeyucula | |||
Class 10 | ziyocula | eziyocula | ziyocula | aziyucula | ezingeyucula | zingeyucula | |||
Class 11 | luyocula | oluyocula | luyocula | aluyucula | olungeyucula | lungeyucula | |||
Class 14 | buyocula | obuyocula | buyocula | abuyucula | obungeyucula | bungeyucula | |||
Class 15 | kuyocula | okuyocula | kuyocula | akuyucula | okungeyucula | kungeyucula | |||
Class 17 | kuyocula | okuyocula | kuyocula | akuyucula | okungeyucula | kungeyucula | |||
Present subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngicule | ngingaculi | |||||||
2nd singular | ucule | ungaculi | |||||||
1st plural | sicule | singaculi | |||||||
2nd plural | nicule | ningaculi | |||||||
Class 1 | acule | angaculi | |||||||
Class 2 | bacule | bangaculi | |||||||
Class 3 | ucule | ungaculi | |||||||
Class 4 | icule | ingaculi | |||||||
Class 5 | licule | lingaculi | |||||||
Class 6 | acule | angaculi | |||||||
Class 7 | sicule | singaculi | |||||||
Class 8 | zicule | zingaculi | |||||||
Class 9 | icule | ingaculi | |||||||
Class 10 | zicule | zingaculi | |||||||
Class 11 | lucule | lungaculi | |||||||
Class 14 | bucule | bungaculi | |||||||
Class 15 | kucule | kungaculi | |||||||
Class 17 | kucule | kungaculi | |||||||
Past subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngacula | ngangacula, angacula, angangacula | |||||||
2nd singular | wacula | wangacula, awacula, awangacula | |||||||
1st plural | sacula | sangacula, asacula, asangacula | |||||||
2nd plural | nacula | nangacula, anacula, anangacula | |||||||
Class 1 | wacula | wangacula, akacula, akangacula | |||||||
Class 2 | bacula | bangacula, abacula, abangacula | |||||||
Class 3 | wacula | wangacula, awacula, awangacula | |||||||
Class 4 | yacula | yangacula, ayacula, ayangacula | |||||||
Class 5 | lacula | langacula, alacula, alangacula | |||||||
Class 6 | acula | angacula, awacula, awangacula | |||||||
Class 7 | sacula | sangacula, asacula, asangacula | |||||||
Class 8 | zacula | zangacula, azacula, azangacula | |||||||
Class 9 | yacula | yangacula, ayacula, ayangacula | |||||||
Class 10 | zacula | zangacula, azacula, azangacula | |||||||
Class 11 | lwacula | lwangacula, alwacula, alwangacula | |||||||
Class 14 | bacula | bangacula, abacula, abangacula | |||||||
Class 15 | kwacula | kwangacula, akwacula, akwangacula | |||||||
Class 17 | kwacula | kwangacula, akwacula, akwangacula |
Derived terms
References
- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “cula”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “cula (4.3)”
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