caurs
Latvian
Etymology
From Proto-Baltic *kyaur-, from Proto-Indo-European *kew- (“to cut, to separate, to scrape, to dig”) with an extra -r. The sense evolution was probably “to cut, to dig” → “to prickle.” Cognates include Lithuanian kiáuras.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [tsāūɾs]
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Adjective
caurs (definite caurais, comparative caurāks, superlative viscaurākais, adverb cauri)
- having a hole or holes
- caurs spainis, jumts ― leaky bucket, roof
- caura kaste ― box with a hole on it
- cauras zeķes, kurpes ― socks, shoes with holes on them
- koks ar cauru vidu ― tree with a hole in the middle
- having been damaged
- caura būda ― damaged hut
- pirts bija tik veca un caura ― the bath(house) was so old and damaged
- caurs zobs ― damaged tooth
- all (the time), without interruptions, throughout
- ceļot visu cauru gadu ― to travel the whole year, all through, throughout the year
- strādāt caurām dienām ― to work all day
Declension
indefinite declension (nenoteiktā galotne) of caurs
| masculine (vīriešu dzimte) | feminine (sieviešu dzimte) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular (vienskaitlis) |
plural (daudzskaitlis) |
singular (vienskaitlis) |
plural (daudzskaitlis) | ||||||
| nominative (nominatīvs) | caurs | cauri | caura | cauras | |||||
| accusative (akuzatīvs) | cauru | caurus | cauru | cauras | |||||
| genitive (ģenitīvs) | caura | cauru | cauras | cauru | |||||
| dative (datīvs) | cauram | cauriem | caurai | caurām | |||||
| instrumental (instrumentālis) | cauru | cauriem | cauru | caurām | |||||
| locative (lokatīvs) | caurā | cauros | caurā | caurās | |||||
| vocative (vokatīvs) | — | — | — | — | |||||
References
- Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “caurs”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
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