carballo

• carvalho (reintegrationist)

From Old Galician-Portuguese carvallo, also attested in local Medieval Latin document since the 8th century; from carba +‎ -allo. Further etymology uncertain: from a substrate language, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kr̥-wós (compare Latin curvus, "bent").[1] Cognate with Portuguese carvalho and Asturian carbayu.

• IPA^(key): [kɑɾˈβaʎʊ]
• IPA^(key): /kaɾˈbaɟo/ [kɑɾˈβ̞a̠.ɟʊ]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aɟo

carballo m (plural carballos)

1. oak
   • 1353, M. Lucas Álvarez & P. Lucas Domínguez (eds.), El monasterio de San Clodio do Ribeiro en la Edad Media: estudio y documentos. Sada/A Coruña: Edicións do Castro, page 513:

     Era da naçença de noso Sennor Ihesu de mille et trezentos et nouenta et hun anos, sabado VI dias do mes de mayo, estando su o caruallo da igleia de san Migel d'Osamo ante Roy Lourenço, juys nos coutos d'Anllo

     1391 AD, Saturday, 6th of may, being under the oak of the church of Saint Michael of Osmo, before Roi Lourenzo, judge in the jurisdiction of Anllo [...]

   • 1853, Juan Manuel Pintos, A Gaita Gallega:

     Camiños de perdiciós pratican os máis e os menos máis de cen. O carballo máis ferrudo si o becho lle crava o dente no raigado, amolece e xa golbudo vén ao chan prestamente derrumbado. Os vicios son bechos fortes que amolegan corpos duros e valentes

     Roads to perdition, the most and the least practice more than a hundred. The most robust oak, if the bug sink his teeth in the roots, softens and, when rotten, comes to the ground promptly, slumped. Vices are strong bugs that soften hard and bold bodies.

   1. English oak (Quercus robur), which was the more common tree in Galicia till the second half of the 20th century

      Synonyms: carballo veriño, veriño

   2. sessile oak (Quercus petraea)

      Synonym: carballo albariño

   3. Pyrenean oak (Quercus pyrenaica)

      Synonyms: carballo cerquiño, rebolo

   4. kermes oak (Quercus coccifera)

      Synonyms: carballo carrasco, carrasco

   5. Portuguese oak (Quercus faginea)

      Synonyms: carballo anano, caxigo

2. oakwood
   • 1438, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 413:

     Iten, os ditos Gonçaluo Ferrnandes e Gonçaluo Ferreiro se obrigaron de trager pera a obra da ponte d'Ourense oyteenta trabes de carballo, que ajan cada hua viinte e sete cóbedos conpridos en longo

     Item, the aforementioned Gonzalo Fernandez and Gonzalo Ferreiro committed themselves to bring, for the construction of the bridge of Ourense, eighty beams of oak, each one at least twenty-seven cubits long

• carba
• Carba

• carballo on the Galician Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^gl

• “caruallo” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
• “carual” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
• “carballo” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
• “carballo” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “carballo” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

carballo m (plural carballos)

1. Alternative spelling of carvallo

• “carballo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014