bnr

Egyptian

Pronunciation
 
  • (noun): (reconstructed) IPA(key): /biˈniɾ/ → /biˈnij/ → /bəˈneʔ/ → /βəˈneʔ/

Verb
bn
r		 bnr

 3-lit.

  1. (intransitive, of taste) to be(come) sweet
  2. (intransitive, of disposition) to be(come) pleasant or sweet

Inflection
Conjugation of bnr (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: bnr, geminated stem: bnrr
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
bnr
 bnrw, bnr
 bnrt
 bnr
 bnr
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
bnr
 ḥr bnr
 m bnr
 r bnr
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active contingent
aspect / mood active
perfect bnr.n
 consecutive bnr.jn
terminative bnrt
perfective3 bnr
 obligative1 bnr.ḫr
imperfective bnr
prospective3 bnr
 potentialis1 bnr.kꜣ
subjunctive bnr
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active active passive
perfect bnr.n
 — —
perfective bnr
 bnr
 bnr, bnrw5, bnry5
imperfective bnr, bnry, bnrw5
 bnr, bnrj6, bnry6
 bnr, bnrw5
prospective bnr, bnrtj7
 bnrtj4, bnrt4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular.
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of bnr  
bbnr
bn
r		 ibnrY1V
bnr bnrj

Noun
bn
r		 bnr

 m

  1. date (fruit) [since the Old Kingdom]

Inflection
Declension of bnr (masculine)
singular bnr
dual bnrwj
plural bnrw

Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of bnr  
bbnr
b M32
M33
bn
r		 bnr
bn
r		 ibnr
bniM32N33C
Z2ss
bnrM33
bnrZ1it
Z2ss
bnrU9
Z2ss
bn
r		 iM32M1N33C
Z2ss
bn
nw W		 M32
U54
N33A
bnr bnr bnr bnrj bnj bnj bnj bnj bnrj bnw
[Old Kingdom] [Old Kingdom] [Middle Kingdom] [Middle Kingdom] [Middle Kingdom] [18th Dynasty] [18th Dynasty] [18th Dynasty] [19th Dynasty] [Greco-Roman Period]
from the Kahun Papyri from Dendera

Derived terms
  • bnjw
  • bnrt
  • šn-bnr

Descendants
  • Demotic: bn, bne, bny
  • → Old Nubian: ⲡⲉⲛⲧⲓ (penti)
    • Nobiin: féntí
    • → Midob: péendí
    • → Old Dongolawi: [Term?]
    • → Nyima:
      • Afitti: fɛ́nd̪a
      • Nyimang: fɛ̍nd̪i̍
  • → Proto-Berber: *te-βăyne

References
  • Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 461.12–461.16
  • Janet H. Johnson, editor (2001), The Demotic Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago‎, volume B (02.1), Chicago: The University of Chicago, page 47
  • Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, pages 53, 55
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