bénít
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈbeːniːt]
- Hyphenation: bé‧nít
- Rhymes: -iːt
Verb
bénít
- (transitive, of a body part) to paralyze, cripple
- (transitive, figuratively) to paralyze, incapacitate, immobilize
Conjugation
conjugation of bénít
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | bénítok | bénítasz | bénít | bénítunk | bénítotok | bénítanak | |
Def. | bénítom | bénítod | bénítja | bénítjuk | bénítjátok | bénítják | |||
2nd-p. o. | bénítalak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | bénítottam | bénítottál | bénított | bénítottunk | bénítottatok | bénítottak | ||
Def. | bénítottam | bénítottad | bénította | bénítottuk | bénítottátok | bénították | |||
2nd-p. o. | bénítottalak | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. bénítani fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | béníték | bénítál | béníta | bénítánk | bénítátok | bénítának | ||
Def. | bénítám | bénítád | bénítá | bénítánk | bénítátok | béníták | |||
2nd-p. o. | bénítálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. bénít vala, bénított vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | bénítandok | bénítandasz | bénítand | bénítandunk | bénítandotok | bénítandanak | ||
Def. | bénítandom | bénítandod | bénítandja | bénítandjuk | bénítandjátok | bénítandják | |||
2nd-p. o. | bénítandalak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | bénítanék | bénítanál | bénítana | bénítanánk | bénítanátok | bénítanának | |
Def. | bénítanám | bénítanád | bénítaná | bénítanánk (or bénítanók) |
bénítanátok | bénítanák | |||
2nd-p. o. | bénítanálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. bénított volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | bénítsak | béníts or bénítsál |
bénítson | bénítsunk | bénítsatok | bénítsanak | |
Def. | bénítsam | bénítsd or bénítsad |
bénítsa | bénítsuk | bénítsátok | bénítsák | |||
2nd-p. o. | bénítsalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. bénított légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | bénítani | bénítanom | bénítanod | bénítania | bénítanunk | bénítanotok | bénítaniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
bénítás | bénító | bénított | bénítandó | bénítva (bénítván) | béníttat | ||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
potential conjugation of bénít
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | béníthatok | béníthatsz | béníthat | béníthatunk | béníthattok | béníthatnak | |
Def. | béníthatom | béníthatod | béníthatja | béníthatjuk | béníthatjátok | béníthatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | béníthatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | béníthattam | béníthattál | béníthatott | béníthattunk | béníthattatok | béníthattak | ||
Def. | béníthattam | béníthattad | béníthatta | béníthattuk | béníthattátok | béníthatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | béníthattalak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | béníthaték | béníthatál | béníthata | béníthatánk | béníthatátok | béníthatának | ||
Def. | béníthatám | béníthatád | béníthatá | béníthatánk | béníthatátok | béníthaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | béníthatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. béníthat vala, béníthatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | béníthatandok or bénítandhatok |
béníthatandasz or bénítandhatsz |
béníthatand or bénítandhat |
béníthatandunk or bénítandhatunk |
béníthatandotok or bénítandhattok |
béníthatandanak or bénítandhatnak | ||
Def. | béníthatandom or bénítandhatom |
béníthatandod or bénítandhatod |
béníthatandja or bénítandhatja |
béníthatandjuk or bénítandhatjuk |
béníthatandjátok or bénítandhatjátok |
béníthatandják or bénítandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | béníthatandalak or bénítandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | béníthatnék | béníthatnál | béníthatna | béníthatnánk | béníthatnátok | béníthatnának | |
Def. | béníthatnám | béníthatnád | béníthatná | béníthatnánk (or béníthatnók) |
béníthatnátok | béníthatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | béníthatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. béníthatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | béníthassak | béníthass or béníthassál |
béníthasson | béníthassunk | béníthassatok | béníthassanak | |
Def. | béníthassam | béníthasd or béníthassad |
béníthassa | béníthassuk | béníthassátok | béníthassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | béníthassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. béníthatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (béníthatni) | (béníthatnom) | (béníthatnod) | (béníthatnia) | (béníthatnunk) | (béníthatnotok) | (béníthatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | bénítható | Neg. adj. | béníthatatlan | Adv. part. | (béníthatva / béníthatván) | ||||
Derived terms
(With verbal prefixes):
- lebénít
- megbénít
Related terms
- bénul
References
- bénít in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
- bénít in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- bénít in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)
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