anculus
Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *amβikʷolos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰi-kʷol(h₁)-ós, from *h₂m̥bʰí (“around, at the side”) + *kʷel(h₁)- (whence colō (“I till, cultivate; I inhabit”)). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἀμφίπολος (amphípolos, “attendant, follower”), Old Persian [script needed] (ābicarīš, “place inhabited or tilled by servants”, acc.pl.)[1] and Sanskrit अभिचर (abhicara, “servant”) (cf. also अभिचार (abhicārá, “witchcraft”)).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈan.ku.lus/, [ˈäŋkʊɫ̪ʊs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈan.ku.lus/, [ˈäŋkulus]
Usage notes
This word fell into disuse, having been limited to liturgical use, and was replaced by famulus and servus, but its feminine counterpart ancilla is well attested.
Declension
Second-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | anculus | anculī |
| Genitive | anculī | anculōrum |
| Dative | anculō | anculīs |
| Accusative | anculum | anculōs |
| Ablative | anculō | anculīs |
| Vocative | ancule | anculī |
Related terms
See also
References
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “anculus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 41: “PIt. *ambi-k⁽ʷ⁾olo-; PIE *h₂mbʰi-kʷolh₁-os ‘going towards/around’”
Further reading
- “ancŭlus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- anculus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- anculus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
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