aequus

Latin

Alternative forms
  • aiquos, aequos (Republican spelling)
  • aecus (phonetic spelling)

Etymology

From earlier aiquos (SCdB), for Proto-Italic *aikʷos or *aikwos, of unknown origin.[1][2] Cf. however the Italic tribe Aequī, Aequīcolī (+ colere), and the placenames Aequum Tūticum (Samnium Hirpinum), Aequum Faliscum and Aequī Faliscī (Etruria), Superaequum (Samnium Paelignum), in some of which the noun aequum (“plain”), in others perhaps the adjective "razed" can be seen.[3][4] Probably not related to Sanskrit ऐक्य (aikya, “concord, identity, sameness”).

Pronunciation

Adjective

aequus (feminine aequa, neuter aequum, comparative aequior, superlative aequissimus, adverb aequē or aequiter); first/second-declension adjective

  1. equal
    Synonyms: aequālis, adaequātus, pār, compār
    Antonyms: dispār, inaequālis, impār, inīquus
  2. level, even, flat, horizontal
    Synonym: plānus
    Antonyms: impār, inīquus
  3. calm
  4. fair, impartial
  5. just

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number Singular Plural
Case / Gender Masculine Feminine Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative aequus aequa aequum aequī aequae aequa
Genitive aequī aequae aequī aequōrum aequārum aequōrum
Dative aequō aequō aequīs
Accusative aequum aequam aequum aequōs aequās aequa
Ablative aequō aequā aequō aequīs
Vocative aeque aequa aequum aequī aequae aequa

Derived terms

Descendants
  • → English: equ-
  • → Italian: equo
  • → Portuguese: équo

References
  1. “equo” in: Alberto Nocentini, Alessandro Parenti, “l'Etimologico — Vocabolario della lingua italiana”, Le Monnier, 2010, →ISBN
  2. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “aequus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 27
  3. Bakkum G. C. L. M. (2009) The Latin Dialect of the Ager Faliscus: 150 Years of Scholarship‎, Amsterdam University Press, →ISBN
  4. The Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, Literature and General Information, volumes 1-2, (Can we date this quote?), pages 258-59

Further reading
  • “aequus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “aequus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • aequus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • (ambiguous) friend and foe: aequi iniqui
    • (ambiguous) to endure a thing with (the greatest) sang-froid: aequo (aequissimo) animo ferre aliquid
    • (ambiguous) justly and equitably: ex aequo et bono (Caecin. 23. 65)
    • (ambiguous) a sound judicial system: aequa iuris descriptio (Off. 2. 4. 15)
    • (ambiguous) to live with some one on an equal footing: aequo iure vivere cum aliquo
    • (ambiguous) in a favourable position: idoneo, aequo, suo (opp. iniquo) loco
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