< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/winkijan
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This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *weng- (“to bend”).
Inflection
| Class 1 weak | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | *winkijan | |
| 1st sg. past | *winkidā | |
| Infinitive | *winkijan | |
| Genitive infin. | *winkijannjas | |
| Dative infin. | *winkijannjē | |
| Instrum. infin. | *winkijannju | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *winkiju | *winkidā |
| 2nd singular | *winkisi | *winkidēs, *winkidōs |
| 3rd singular | *winkiþi | *winkidē, *winkidā |
| 1st plural | *winkijum | *winkidum |
| 2nd plural | *winkiþ | *winkidud |
| 3rd plural | *winkijanþ | *winkidun |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *winkijē | *winkidī |
| 2nd singular | *winkijēs | *winkidī |
| 3rd singular | *winkijē | *winkidī |
| 1st plural | *winkijēm | *winkidīm |
| 2nd plural | *winkijēþ | *winkidīd |
| 3rd plural | *winkijēn | *winkidīn |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | *winki | |
| Plural | *winkiþ | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | *winkijandī | *winkid |
Derived terms
Descendants
- Old English: *winċan
- Middle English: winchen (usually considered a byform of Middle English winken)
- Old Frisian: *winka
- West Frisian: winke (strong verb by analogy with similar-sounding strong verbs)
- Old Saxon: *winkian
- Old Dutch: winken
- Old High German: winken (“to wave, nod”)
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