< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/triuwijan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *triwwijaną. Equivalent to *triuwī (true, faithful) + *-jan and *treuwu (fidelity, pledge) + *-jan.

Verb

*triuwijan

  1. (transitive) to make faithful
  2. (transitive) to ally, form a relation with
  3. (transitive) to trust, have faith in

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive *triuwijan
1st sg. past *triuwidā
Infinitive *triuwijan
Genitive infin. *triuwijannjas
Dative infin. *triuwijannjē
Instrum. infin. *triuwijannju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *triuwiju *triuwidā
2nd singular *triuwisi *triuwidēs, *triuwidōs
3rd singular *triuwiþi *triuwidē, *triuwidā
1st plural *triuwijum *triuwidum
2nd plural *triuwiþ *triuwidud
3rd plural *triuwijanþ *triuwidun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *triuwijē *triuwidī
2nd singular *triuwijēs *triuwidī
3rd singular *triuwijē *triuwidī
1st plural *triuwijēm *triuwidīm
2nd plural *triuwijēþ *triuwidīd
3rd plural *triuwijēn *triuwidīn
Imperative Present
Singular *triuwi
Plural *triuwiþ
Present Past
Participle *triuwijandī *triuwid

Descendants

  • Old English: trēowan, trīewan, trȳwan
  • Old Frisian: triūwa, trōwa, trouwa
    • Saterland Frisian: trjoue
    • West Frisian: trouwe, trouje
  • Old Dutch: *triuwen
  • Old Saxon: triuwian
    • Middle Low German: trûwen, trouwen
  • Old High German: *triuwen
    • Middle High German: triuwen, trouwen, trawen, trōwen, tröuwen
    • Old High German: gitriuwen
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