< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/sūmijan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Uncertain[1]; perhaps from unattested *sūm, from Proto-Germanic *sūmaz, from Proto-Indo-European *suH-mó-s, from *sewH- (“to let go”)[2] + *-mós, +‎ *-jan. Cognate with Ancient Greek ἐάω (eáō, “to let (go), allow, leave alone”).

Verb

*sūmijan

  1. to let go

Inflection
Class 1 weak
Infinitive *sūmijan
1st sg. past *sūmidā
Infinitive *sūmijan
Genitive infin. *sūmijannjas
Dative infin. *sūmijannjē
Instrum. infin. *sūmijannju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *sūmiju *sūmidā
2nd singular *sūmisi *sūmidēs, *sūmidōs
3rd singular *sūmiþi *sūmidē, *sūmidā
1st plural *sūmijum *sūmidum
2nd plural *sūmiþ *sūmidud
3rd plural *sūmijanþ *sūmidun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *sūmijē *sūmidī
2nd singular *sūmijēs *sūmidī
3rd singular *sūmijē *sūmidī
1st plural *sūmijēm *sūmidīm
2nd plural *sūmijēþ *sūmidīd
3rd plural *sūmijēn *sūmidīn
Imperative Present
Singular *sūmi
Plural *sūmiþ
Present Past
Participle *sūmijandī *sūmid

Derived terms
  • *frasūmijan
    • Old Dutch: *farsūmen
    • Old High German: firsūmen

Descendants
  • Old Frisian: *sūma
    • ⇒ Old Frisian: ursūma
  • Old Saxon: *sūmian
    • Middle Low German: sûmen
      • German Low German:
        Low Prussian: sîme, sîeme, sîëme
        Westphalian:
        Dortmunder: soẹ̆men, saọ̆m
        Ravensbergisch-Lippisch: suimen
        Sauerländisch: soimen
  • Old Dutch: *sūmen
    • Middle Dutch: sûmen
      • Dutch: zuimen, suymen (obsolete)
  • Old High German: sūmen

References
  1. Friedrich Kluge (1989) “säumen”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 620
  2. Pokorny, Julius (1959) “seu̯ə-, sū-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 915
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