Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/nagl

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Alternative forms

*nagli

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *naglaz.

Noun

*nagl m[1]

nail (on hands or feet)
nail or peg used for fastening

Inflection

Masculine a-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*nagl
Genitive	*naglas
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*nagl	naglō, naglōs
Accusative	*nagl	*naglā
Genitive	*naglas	*naglō
Dative	*naglē	*naglum
Instrumental	*naglu	*naglum

Descendants

Old English: næġl, næġel, neġl, neġel
- Middle English: nayl, neil, nail, nayle, nayll, neyl, naylle
  - English: nail
  - Scots: nail, nale
  - Yola: niel
Old Frisian: neil, nīl
- North Frisian:
  Sylt: Nail
- Saterland Frisian: Nail
- West Frisian: neil
Old Saxon: nagal, *negil
- Middle Low German: nāgel, nēgel
  - German Low German: Nagel
  - Plautdietsch: Noagel
Old Dutch: *nagal
- Middle Dutch: nāgel
  - Dutch: nagel
    - Afrikaans: nael
    - Berbice Creole Dutch: nanggli
    - → Aukan: nangaa
    - → Caribbean Hindustani: nakkhun
  - Limburgish: nagel
Old High German: nagal, negil
- Middle High German: nagel, nail, nāl, negel, neil
  - Bavarian: Någl
    Cimbrian: naaghel
    Mòcheno: nagel
  - Central Franconian: Nohl, Nähl, Näl, Nääl, Nahl, Nagel
    Hunsrik: Naaghel
    Luxembourgish: Nol
  - German: Nagel
    - → Russian: нагель (nagelʹ)
  - Alemannic German: Nagel
  - Yiddish: נאָגל (nogl), נאגיל (nogil) (Middle Yiddish, attested in Shemot Devarim)

References

Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 148: “PWGmc *nagl”

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[1] Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 148: “PWGmc *nagl”