Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/krodu

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Alternative forms

*kredu, *kroddu, *krottu

Etymology

Unknown; possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʷredʰ-, compare Ancient Greek βάτραχος (bátrakhos, “frog”), Ionic Greek βρόταχος (brótakhos, “frog”).[1]

Noun

*krodu f

toad
Synonyms: *paddā, *ūkā

Declension

ō-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*krodu
Genitive	*krodā
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*krodu	*krodō
Accusative	*krodā	*krodā
Genitive	*krodā	*krodō
Dative	*krodē	krodōm, krodum
Instrumental	*krodu	krodōm, krodum

Descendants

Old Frisian: *krode
- West Frisian: krôde
Old Saxon: *kroda
- Middle Low German: krode, krōde, krāde, kröde, krede
  - Low German: krodde, krödde, krod
  - →? Icelandic: karta
  - → Swedish: groda
Old Dutch: *kroda, *kreda
- Middle Dutch: krode, crade, krede
  - Dutch: krodde
Old High German: krota, kreta, chrota
- Middle High German: krote, krotte, kröte, krëte
  - Alemannic German: Chrott, Chrotte
  - Cimbrian: khróota
  - German: Kröte
  - Hunsrik: Krott

References

Kroonen, Guus (2011) The Proto-Germanic n-stems: A study in diachronic morphophonology, Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 346-349: “*kredo, *kruttaz 'toad'”

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[1] Kroonen, Guus (2011) The Proto-Germanic n-stems: A study in diachronic morphophonology, Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 346-349: “*kredo, *kruttaz 'toad'”