Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/knukil

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *knukilaz. Equivalent to *knokō +‎ *-il.

Noun

*knukil m

knuckle, joint, small bone

Inflection

Masculine a-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*knukil
Genitive	*knukilas
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*knukil	knukilō, knukilōs
Accusative	*knukil	*knukilā
Genitive	*knukilas	*knukilō
Dative	*knukilē	*knukilum
Instrumental	*knukilu	*knukilum

Descendants

Old English: cnucel, cnyċel, *cnocel
- Middle English: knokel, knokelle, knokill, knokyl, knokylle
  - English: knuckle
  - Scots: knockle
  - Yola: noughel
Old Frisian: knokel
- Saterland Frisian: Knouel
- West Frisian: knokkel
Old Saxon: *knukil
- Middle Low German: knö̂kel, knuckel
  - Dutch Low Saxon:
    Twents: knökel
  - German Low German:
    Altmärkisch: Knäöw'l
    Westphalian:
    Dortmunder: Knüakel
    Ravensbergisch-Lippisch: Knökel
    Sauerländisch: Knüekel, Knöekel (Balve), Knǖkel (Niedersfeld), Knüökel (Attendorn), Kniäkel (Kirchhundem, Selbecke)
  - → Danish: knogle
Old Dutch: *knukil
- Middle Dutch: cnôkel, cnockel
  - Dutch: knokkel, kneukel
  - West Flemish: knekel
Old High German: *knuchil
- Middle High German: knöchel
  - German: Knöchel (ankle, knuckle)
  - Hunsrik: Knechel
  - Luxembourgish: Knéchel
  - Yiddish: קנעכל (knekhl)

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