< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/gadm
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This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
Unknown, conceivably from the stem of *gadur (“together”),[1] with the rare suffix as in *bōsm, *butm, *āþm.
The semantic and formal match of African Arabic قَيْطُون (qayṭūn) must be a coincidence.[2]
Inflection
| Neuter a-stem | ||
|---|---|---|
| Singular | ||
| Nominative | *gadm | |
| Genitive | *gadmas | |
| Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *gadm | *gadmu |
| Accusative | *gadm | *gadmu |
| Genitive | *gadmas | *gadmō |
| Dative | *gadmē | *gadmum |
| Instrumental | *gadmu | *gadmum |
| Masculine a-stem | ||
|---|---|---|
| Singular | ||
| Nominative | *gadm | |
| Genitive | *gadmas | |
| Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *gadm | *gadmō, *gadmōs |
| Accusative | *gadm | *gadmā |
| Genitive | *gadmas | *gadmō |
| Dative | *gadmē | *gadmum |
| Instrumental | *gadmu | *gadmum |
Descendants
References
- So grouped in Fick, August (1909) Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der indogermanischen Sprachen (in German), 4th edition, volume III, bearbeitet von Adalbert Bezzenberger, Hjalmar Falk, August Fick, Whitley Stokes, Alf Torp, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, page 123
- As that can’t be acquired in the fashion of a traded item like هَيْدُورة (haydūra) or كَرْزِيَّة (karziyya) via Andalusian Arabic (where the pattern KāLūm was replaced with KayLūM, thus having this outcome) in view of its Aramaic attestations and as one disavows Semitic substratum of Germanic possibly preserving a Punic cognate.
-
- Neuter in earlier German, so reconstructed in Fick, August (1909) Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der indogermanischen Sprachen (in German), 4th edition, volume III, bearbeitet von Adalbert Bezzenberger, Hjalmar Falk, August Fick, Whitley Stokes, Alf Torp, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, page 123
- masculine in Middle Dutch and Old Frisian, so in Köbler, Gerhard (2014) “*gadma, *gadmaz”, in Germanisches Wörterbuch, 5th edition
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