< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/bermō

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Uncertain; possibly from Proto-Germanic *bermô, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰér-mō ~ *bʰr̥-mnés[1],[2] from *bʰer- (“to boil”) (compare with Latin fermentum (“fermentation; yeast”)) or *bʰrewh₁- (“to boil; to brew”), or perhaps from *gʷʰér-mō ~ *gʷʰr̥-mnés,[3] from *gʷʰer- (“warm, hot”).

Noun

*bermō m

  1. yeast
    Synonyms: *habbjō, *jestu

Declension
Masculine an-stem
Singular
Nominative *bermō
Genitive *bermini, *berman
Singular Plural
Nominative *bermō *berman
Accusative *berman *berman
Genitive *bermini, *berman *bermanō
Dative *bermini, *berman *bermum
Instrumental *bermini, *berman *bermum

Descendants
  • Old English: beorma, beorm, bearm
  • Old Frisian: berma
  • Old Saxon: *bermo, *berma
    • Middle Low German: berm, barm
      • German Low German: Barm, Bärme, Bärm
        • → German: Bärme
      • → Danish: bærme
      • → Estonian: pärm
      • → Swedish: bärma
      • → Norwegian: bærme, berme
  • Old Dutch: *bermo; *berma

References
  1. Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 255: “*bher-m-n-”
  2. Boutkan, Dirk, Siebinga, Sjoerd (2005) Old Frisian Etymological Dictionary (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 1), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 60
  3. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*krudda/ōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 306
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