Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/tar-

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Verb

*tar-

(intransitive) to go apart, scatter, spread

Derived terms

*tarmak (“finger”)

Descendants

Oghur:
- ⇒ Chuvash: [script needed] (torat)
Common Turkic:
- Karluk:
  - Karakhanid: [script needed] (tarmaq)
- Kipchak:
  - North Kipchak:
    - Tatar: (dial.) [script needed] (tar-)
  - South Kipchak
    - Kyrgyz-Kipchak
      - Southern Altai: тарат- (tarat-, “to scatter”)

⇒ Common Turkic: *targa-

Oghuz:
- Turkmen: dargamak
- Proto-Oghuz: *tāga-, *tāgï-
  - Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (tağılmaq), [script needed] (tağıtmaq)
    - Azerbaijani: dağılmaq, dağıtmaq (dağıd-)
    - Ottoman Turkish: طاغتمق (dağıtmak)
      - Gagauz: daalmaa, daatmaa
      - Turkish: dağılmak, dağıtmak
  - Salar: dağıl, dağal, dağan, dağad, dağa
  - Turkmen: dāgamak, dāgatmak (dāğad-)
  - Proto-Oghuz: *tarma-tāgïn
    - Old Anatolian Turkish:
      - Azerbaijani: darmadağın
      - Ottoman Turkish:
        Turkish: darmadağın
Kipchak
- East Kipchak
  - Southern Altai: тарка- (tarka-, “to spread”)
Siberian:
- North Siberian:
  - Dolgan: [script needed] (targat-)
  - Yakut: тарҕаа (tarğaa)

⇒ Common Turkic: *tarba-

Karluk:
- Uzbek: tarvaymoq
Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
  - Tatar: [script needed] (tarba-)
- South Kipchak:
  - Caspian:
    - Karakalpak: tarbaw
    - Nogai: [script needed] (tarma-)
  - Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
    - Kyrgyz: тарбоо (tarboo)
    - Southern Altai: тарма- (tarma-, “harrow, hill”)
Siberian:
- South Siberian:
  - Yenisei:
    - Khakas: [script needed] (tarba-)
→? Mongolian: [script needed] (tarbayi-)
- Kalmyk: дарвах (darvax)
- Buryat: [script needed] (darbay-)
- Daur: [script needed] (darbalǯi-)

References

Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

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