< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic
Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kańak
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This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Turkic
Etymology
There have been a few theories on the derivation:
- Clauson derives from a hypothetical *kań-, however such a verb is not attested.
- Nişanyan instead suggests *kańa- (“to boil; to melt”) + *-k.
- Doerfer suggests a derivation from a hypothetical *kāyïn-, the passive of *kāy- (“to slide”), however this is unlikely on phonological grounds.
Declension
Declension of *kańak
| Singular 3) | |
|---|---|
| Nominative | *kańak |
| Accusative | *kańaknï, *kańakïg 4), *kańaknïg 1) |
| Genitive | *kańaknïŋ |
| Dative | *kańakka |
| Locative | *kańakda |
| Ablative | *kańakdan |
| Allative | *kańakgaru |
| Instrumental 2) | *kańakïn |
| Equative 2) | *kańakča |
| Similative 2) | *kańaklayu |
| Comitative 2) | *kańaklïgu |
1) Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
4) Found in the Old Turkic era.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
4) Found in the Old Turkic era.
Derived terms
- *kańaklan-
Descendants
- Oghur:
- Early Volga Bulgar: قَنَقْ (qanaq) (11th c.)
- Common Turkic:
References
- Doerfer, Gerhard (1967) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission; 20) (in German), volume III, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, § 1417, page 410
- al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, volume I & III, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, page 383 & 167
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 636, 677
- Levitskaja, L. S., Dybo, A. V., Rassadin, V. I. (1997) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume V, Moscow: Jazyki russkoj kulʹtury, page 200
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “kaymak”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 231
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