< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic
Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kum
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This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Turkic
Declension
Declension of *kum
| Singular 3) | |
|---|---|
| Nominative | *kum |
| Accusative | *kumnï, *kumug 4), *kumnïg 1) |
| Genitive | *kumnïŋ |
| Dative | *kumka |
| Locative | *kumda |
| Ablative | *kumdan |
| Allative | *kumgaru |
| Instrumental 2) | *kumun |
| Equative 2) | *kumča |
| Similative 2) | *kumlayu |
| Comitative 2) | *kumlugu |
1) Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
4) Found in the Old Turkic era.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
4) Found in the Old Turkic era.
Descendants
- Oghur:
- Chuvash: [script needed] (ҳъʷm)
- Oghuz:
- Kipchak:
- Karluk:
- Siberian:
References
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*Kum”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
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