< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sěvati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology 1

Limited to South Slavic, formed as *sijati (“to shine, to illuminate”) +‎ *-vati, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₁y- (“to shine”).

Verb

*sěvàti impf[1]

  1. to irradiate, to glimmer, to emit light
Inflection
Conjugation of *sěvati, *sěva, *sěvajetь (impf., intr., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-ati
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*sěvanьje *sěvati *sěvatъ *sěvalъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive — —
Active *sěvavъ *sěvaję
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *sěvaxъ*sěva*sěva *sěvajǫ*sěvaješi*sěvajetь
Dual *sěvaxově*sěvasta*sěvaste *sěvajevě*sěvajeta*sěvajete
Plural *sěvaxomъ*sěvaste*sěvašę *sěvajemъ*sěvajete*sěvajǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *sěvaaxъ*sěvaaše*sěvaaše —*sěvaji*sěvaji
Dual *sěvaaxově*sěvaašeta*sěvaašete *sěvajivě*sěvajita—
Plural *sěvaaxomъ*sěvaašete*sěvaaxǫ *sěvajimъ*sěvajite—
Descendants
  • South Slavic:
    • Bulgarian: ся́вам (sjávam, “to glimmer, to blink”)
      • ⇒ Bulgarian: ося́вам (osjávam, “to enlighten”) (+ о- (o-))
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: се́вати
      Latin script: sévati
    • Slovene: sẹ́vati
Further reading
  • Todorov, T. A., Racheva, M., editors (2010), “сявам”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 7 (слòво – теря̀свам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 718

References
  1. Snoj, Marko (2016) “sẹ́vati”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*sěva̋ti”

Etymology 2

Indirectly attested in derivatives, formed as *sěti (“to sow”) +‎ *-vati, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁- (“to sow, to plant”).

Verb

*sěvati impf

  1. to plant, to sow (intensive)
Inflection
Conjugation of *sěvati, *sěva, *sěvajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-ati
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*sěvanьje *sěvati *sěvatъ *sěvalъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *sěvanъ *sěvajemъ
Active *sěvavъ *sěvaję
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *sěvaxъ*sěva*sěva *sěvajǫ*sěvaješi*sěvajetь
Dual *sěvaxově*sěvasta*sěvaste *sěvajevě*sěvajeta*sěvajete
Plural *sěvaxomъ*sěvaste*sěvašę *sěvajemъ*sěvajete*sěvajǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *sěvaaxъ*sěvaaše*sěvaaše —*sěvaji*sěvaji
Dual *sěvaaxově*sěvaašeta*sěvaašete *sěvajivě*sěvajita—
Plural *sěvaaxomъ*sěvaašete*sěvaaxǫ *sěvajimъ*sěvajite—
Derived terms
  • *sěvъ, *posěvъ, *zasěvъ (“crops, sowing”)
Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Russian: -сева́ть (-sevátʹ)
  • South Slavic:
    • Bulgarian: -ся́вам (-sjávam)
      • ⇒ Bulgarian: зася́вам (zasjávam), насявам (nasjavam), разсявам (razsjavam), посявам (posjavam), всявам (vsjavam)
    • Macedonian: -сeва (-seva)
      • ⇒ Macedonian: засева (zaseva), насева (naseva), посева (poseva), всева (vseva)
    • Slovene: zasẹ́vati, vsẹ́vati
Further reading
  • Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (2002), “сeя¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 6 (пỳскам – словàр²), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 628

Etymology 3

Indirectly attested in derivatives, formed as *sěti (“to sieve”) +‎ *-vati, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁y- (“to sieve”).

Verb

*sěvati impf

  1. to sieve (intensive)
  2. to strain (intensive)
Inflection
Conjugation of *sěvati, *sěva, *sěvajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-ati
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*sěvanьje *sěvati *sěvatъ *sěvalъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *sěvanъ *sěvajemъ
Active *sěvavъ *sěvaję
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *sěvaxъ*sěva*sěva *sěvajǫ*sěvaješi*sěvajetь
Dual *sěvaxově*sěvasta*sěvaste *sěvajevě*sěvajeta*sěvajete
Plural *sěvaxomъ*sěvaste*sěvašę *sěvajemъ*sěvajete*sěvajǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *sěvaaxъ*sěvaaše*sěvaaše —*sěvaji*sěvaji
Dual *sěvaaxově*sěvaašeta*sěvaašete *sěvajivě*sěvajita—
Plural *sěvaaxomъ*sěvaašete*sěvaaxǫ *sěvajimъ*sěvajite—
Derived terms
  • *persěvъka (“screening, sieving”)
Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Russian: -сева́ть (-sevátʹ)
      • ⇒ Russian: отсева́ть (otsevátʹ)
  • South Slavic:
    • Bulgarian: -ся́вам (-sjávam)
      • ⇒ Bulgarian: пресявам (presjavam), отсявам (otsjavam)
    • Macedonian: -сeва (-seva)
      • ⇒ Macedonian: пресева (preseva), отсева (otseva)
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