Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sětiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology 1

From *sětь (“net, grid”) +‎ *-iti, which ultimately descends from *sh₂ey- (“to bind”). Cognates include Lithuanian saisti (“to guess”), Proto-Germanic *siduz (“custom”), Welsh hud (“magic”).

The etymon is present only in South Slavic. Its original meaning probably was to make a connection, which eventually evolved into to recall a memory > to remember. Despite the superficial resemblance, the current etynom is distinct from *(u)sętiti (“to sense”).

Verb

*sětiti pf

to recall, remember

Inflection

Conjugation of *sětiti, *sěti, *sětitь (perf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*sěťenьje	*sětiti	*sětitъ	*sětilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*sěťenъ	—
Active	*sěťь	—

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sětixъ	*sěti	*sěti	*sěťǫ	*sětiši	*sětitь
Dual	*sětixově	*sětista	*sětiste	*sětivě	*sětita	*sětite
Plural	*sětixomъ	*sětiste	*sětišę	*sětimъ	*sětite	*sětętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	—	—	—	—	*sěti	*sěti
Dual	—	—	—	*sětivě	*sětita	—
Plural	—	—	—	*sětimъ	*sětite	—

(*)*sětivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
In perfective verbs, present expresses future

Derived terms

*podъsětiti (“to remind”)

Descendants

South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: сѣтити (sětiti)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⱄⱑⱅⰻⱅⰻ (sětiti)
- Bulgarian: сѐщам се (sèštam se)
- Macedonian: сети (seti)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: се̏тити
  
  Latin script: sȅtiti

References

Derksen, Rick (2008) “*sětь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 448

Etymology 2

PIE word
*swé

From Proto-Indo-European *swēt-. Cognate with Lithuanian svẽčias (“guest”), Ancient Greek ἕταρος (hétaros, “comrade”). Per Derksen, the lengthened grade of the root is unexpected. The Indo-European root comes from the more basic root *swé (“self”) with a root extension.

The semantic shift relative, kin > to host is similar in nature to the development of Germanic *fulgāną (“to follow”) from *fulką (“people”). In both cases, the original meaning likely was to establish good relation with your relatives, which eventually evolved into to host or to follow, respectively.

Verb

*sětiti impf

to host or participate in a gathering

Inflection

Conjugation of *sětiti, *sěti, *sětitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*sěťenьje	*sětiti	*sětitъ	*sětilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*sěťenъ	*sětimъ
Active	*sěťь	*sětę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sětixъ	*sěti	*sěti	*sěťǫ	*sětiši	*sětitь
Dual	*sětixově	*sětista	*sětiste	*sětivě	*sětita	*sětite
Plural	*sětixomъ	*sětiste	*sětišę	*sětimъ	*sětite	*sětętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sěťaaxъ	*sěťaaše	*sěťaaše	—	*sěti	*sěti
Dual	*sěťaaxově	*sěťaašeta	*sěťaašete	*sětivě	*sětita	—
Plural	*sěťaaxomъ	*sěťaašete	*sěťaaxǫ	*sětimъ	*sětite	—

(*)*sětivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Related terms

*svatъ (“kinsman”)
*svekrъ (“father-in-law”), *svekry (“mother-in-law”)
*svojь (“own”)
*posětiti (“to visit”)

Descendants

Old Church Slavonic:
Cyrillic: сѣтити (sětiti)

References

Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “посети́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 60
Derksen, Rick (2008) “*posětiti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 414
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “посети́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

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